Ochratoxin cleanup

High-performance LC is by far the most studied technique, and it is used whenever possible for aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, and zearalenone, especially in view of the improved rapidity attributable to the use of immunoaffinity in the cleanup step. 

The main disadvantages of an immunoaffinity cleanup for OA could in some cases be the lack of specificity for ochratoxin A (since a cross-reaction with ochratoxin C can occur (60)), the potential contamination with release of ochratoxin A from the support of the IA (61), and the high cost of each column, although some authors considered the possibility of regenerating the column for further analyses (30). 

B Zimmerli, R Dick. Determination of ochratoxin A at the ppt level in human blood, serum, milk and some foodstuffs by high-performance liquid chromatography with enhanced fluorescence detection and immunoaffinity column cleanup methodology and Swiss data. J Chrom B 666 85-99,1995. 

A Pittet, D Tornare, A Huggett, R Viani. Liquid chromatographic determination of ochratoxin A in pure and adulterated soluble coffee using an immunoaffinity column cleanup procedure. J Agric Food Chem 44 3564-3569,1996. 

Sibanda L, De Saeger S, Bama-Vetro I, Van Peteghem C (2002) Development of a Solid-Phase Cleanup and Portable Rapid Flow-Through Enzyme Immunoassay for the Detection of Ochratoxin A in Roasted Coffee. J Agric Food Chem 50 6964... 

Methods for analysing ochratoxin A were thoroughly reviewed in the previous report (Annex 1, reference 153). At that time, it was reported that validated analytical methods were available for the determination of ochratoxin A in maize, barley, rye, wheat, wheat bran, wholemeal wheat, roasted coffee, wine and beer. The best methods used LC following cleanup using immunoaffinity columns. Over 40 methods were reviewed. This review is limited to recent developments. 

T. (2001) Determination of ochratoxin A in baby food by immunoaffinity column cleanup with liquid chromatography interlaboratory study. J. AOAC Int 84,1445-1452. 

Entwisle, A.C., Williams, A.C., Mann, P.J., Slack, P.T. Gilbert, J. (2000) Liquid chromatographic method with immunoaffinity column cleanup for determination of ochratoxin A in barley collaborative study. J. AOAC Int. 83,1377-1383. 

AOAC 2000.02, determination of patulin in clear and cloudy apple juices and apple puree using HPLC AOAC 2000.03, determination of ochratoxin in barley using HPLC and immunoaffinity cleanup AOAC 2000.08, aflatoxin Ml in liquid milk using immunoaffinity column cleanup and HPLC AOAC 2000.09, determination of ochratoxin in a roasted coffee using HPLC AOAC 2000.16, aflatoxin Bl in baby food using an immunoaffinity column and HPLC AOAC 2001.01, determination of ochratoxin A in wine using immunoaffinity column cleanup and HPLC... 

Santos, E.A. Vargas, E.A. Immunoaffinity column cleanup and thin layer chromatography for determination of ochratoxin A in green coffee. Food Addit. Contam. 2002,19 (5), 447-458. 

Lattanzio, V. T., Solfrizzo, M., Powers, S., and Visconti, A. 2007. Simultaneous determination of aflatoxins, ochratoxin A and Fusarium toxins in maize by liquid chromatogra-phy/tandemmass spectrometry after multitoxin immunoaffinity cleanup. Rap. Commun. Mass Spec. 21 3253—3261. 

Sulyok et al. [113] reported the first validated method for the determination of 39 mycotoxins in wheat and maize by liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization-triple quadmpole mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS/MS) without the need for any cleanup. The 39 analytes included A and B trichothecenes (including deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside), ZEN and related derivatives, fumonisins, enniatins, ergot alkaloids, ochratoxins, aflatoxins, and moniliformin, and six trichothecene mycotoxins (NIV, DON, fusarenon-X, 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol, 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol, and T-2 toxin). 

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