Nucleotides sequence determination

Frantz B, AM Chakrabarty (1987) Organization and nucleotide sequence determination of a gene cluster involved in 3-chlorocatechol degradation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 84 4460-4464. 

Because the sequencing of DNA has become so straightforward, genes of several ribosomal proteins have been sequenced to allow an independent determination of the primary sequence of some of the proteins (Post et ai, 1979 Olins and Nomura, 1981). These studies have confirmed the sequences previously elucidated by protein chemical techniques. In the case of SI (the largest of all E. coli proteins), the combination of amino acid- and nucleotide-sequence determinations was used to provide the sequence (Schnier et ai, 1982). 

The individual components of the cDNA library may be obtained by grouping individual bacteria on a culture medium so that they reproduce to form identical clones. This enables a large quantity of specific cDNAs to be produced in a pure form. The cDNA within these plasmid-containing bacteria can then be removed, and the precise nucleotide sequence determined by standard automated analytical procedures. 

TRANSLATION The process by which a particular messenger RNA (mRNA) nucleotide sequence determines a specific amino acid sequence of a polypeptide chain occurs as the polypeptide is synthesized and is therefore the second step in the readout of the information in the genetic code (the first is transcription). 

Somatomedins are synthesized as larger precursors, the structures of which in man have been determined by cloning corresponding cDNAs and nucleotide sequence determination [53,54]. The precursors are processed by enzymic cleavage to give the mature somatomedins, which are secreted from the cells of origin. There is little storage of somatomedins in the cells where they are produced they are probably secreted from the cells in vesicles by the same route followed by other secreted hepatic proteins such as serum albumin. 

A 3-Ketosteroid isomerase (3-KSI). This enz)mie catalyses the allylic isomerization of the 5,6 double bond of A5-3-ketosteroids to the 4,5 position by stereospecific intramolecular transfer of a proton. The enz)mie has been isolated from bacteria, and especially the 3-KSIs from Comamoms testosteroni and Pseudomonas putida have been investigated (Smith et al, 1980). The gene coding for the 3-KSI of Pseudomonas putida biot) e B has been cloned and its nucleotide sequence determined (Kim et al, 1994). 

The nucleotide sequences determined by Castanon et al. (1988), Chung et al. (1988), and Peters et al. (1989) are in accordance with the revised chemical sequence. 

The genes for three subunits of CFg are clustered near the gene for the a subunit in chloroplast DNA. The gene (atpH) for CFg subunit III was originally located approximately 2 kbp upstream from aipA in wheat chloroplast DNA [149,159] and has subsequently been located in a similar position in other higher plants [156,160,161]. Nucleotide sequence determination indicates that the primary... 

Nucleotide sequence determination of the petunia EPSPS cDNA clone revealed that it encoded a precursor protein (preEPSPS) with an additional 72 amino acids at the amino terminal end of the EPSPS amino acid sequence determined for the purified protein. Since it had been suggested that enzymes of the shikimate pathway may be... 

Cai, J. et al., PCR cloning and nucleotide sequence determination of the 18S rRNA genes and internal transcribed spacer 1 of the protozoan parasites Cryptosporidium parvum and Cryptosporidium muris, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1131, 317, 1992. 

Hasegawa, S., Terazono, K., Nata, K., Takada, T., Yamamoto, H. Okamoto, H. (1990). Nucleotide sequence determination of chicken glucagon precursor cDNA chicken preproglucagon does not contain glucagon-like peptide II. FEBS Lett., 264, 117-20. 

Leskiw BK, Aharonowic Y. Mevarech M, Wolfe S. Vining LC, Westlake DWS, Jensen SE. Cloning and nucleotide sequence determination of the isopenicillin N synthetase gene from Streptomyces cknwligents. Gene 1988 62 187—196. 

Trower MK, Lenstra R. Omer C, Buchhok SE, Saiiaslani FS. Cloning, nucleotide sequence determination and expression of the genes encoding cytochtome P 450 (soyC) and fetre-doxin (soyB) from Streptomycesgriseus. Mol Microbiol 1992 6 2125-2134. 

Hall, L., Laird, J.E., and Craig, R.K. (1984) Nucleotide sequence determination of guinea-pig casein B mRNA reveals homology with bovine and rat alpha si caseins and conservation of the non-coding regions of the mRNA. Biochem. J., 121, 561-570. 

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