Nuclear Overhauser experiment experimental method

Heteronuclear Multiple Quantum Correlation) and HMBC (Heteronuclear Multiple Bond Correlation). Application of nuclear Overhauser effect (nOe) difference spectroscopy and nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy (NOESY) complete the analysis, giving atomic spatial relationships. Sensitivity problems can be alleviated using Homo Hartmann-Hahn spectroscopy (HOHAHA or TOCSY, Total Correlation Spectroscopy). For weak nOes a rotating frame experiment, i.e. ROESY (Rotating frame Overhauser Effect Spectroscopy) is useful, and may be the best experimental method to sequence chains of sugars [5]. 

For the chemist today, the importance of solution-state NMR is well established. Individual nuclei within a molecule are differentiated on account of their chemical shift, while connectivities, which permit spectral assignment, are identified by through-bond J couplings. Through-space proximities, which yield information about three-dimensional structure, are accessible by experiments which exploit the nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE). Moreover, a host of multi-dimensional experiments have been developed which further enhance the information content [1, 2]. In many cases, however, the most appropriate sample to study molecular structure and dynamics is the solid. The purpose of this article is to give an overview of the different solid-state NMR methods which are available in such cases. Our focus is on the structural and dynamic information which a particular method can dehver, and, at most, only a simple qualitative explanation of how the experiment works will be given, although the relevant literature will always be cited, such that the interested reader can find details about, e. g., the experimental implementation. 

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