Norwegian Academy of Science and

Paris, France, Xanthan E was kindly provided by Dr. I. W. Sutherland, Edinburgh, Scotland. This work was partly supported by grant V6617 from The Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters. 

Other later papers in this volume will comment upon the effects on soil and water in lakes and rivers, of this acid deposition, but it may be noted in passing that the Royal Society of London, the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters, and the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences have recently agreed to initiate a further long term collaborative programme of research into the effects of acidification of surface waters in Norway... 

Det Kongelig Norske Videnskabers Selskab (The Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letters) was founded in 1760 in Trondheim, and it is consequently the oldest learned society in Norway. Both Keyser and Thaulow were members. A separate society was, however, founded in the capital in 1857, entitled then Videnskabsselskabet in Christiania, which was later altered to Det Norske Videnskaps-akademi (the Norwegian Academy of Sciences and Letters). The academy had a limited number of members from all scientific disciplines. In the beginning all professors at the university became members. However, due to lack of resources the academy has never played an important role in the country as similar academies in some other countries. 

Norwegian Academy of Sciences and Letters, see Det Norske Videnskaps-akademi... 

We gratefully acknowledge support from Statoil under the VISTA program, administered by the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters (stipend to V.S.), and from the Norwegian Council for Science and the Humanities, NAVF. 

The ability to see order in chaos has won the mathematician Yakov G. Sinai the 2014 Abel Prize. The Prize, named after the Norwegian mathematician Niels Henrik Abel, is awarded annually by the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters and is viewed by many as on par with the Nobel Prize. 

Thomas Pogge studied philosophy at Harvard. He has published widely on Kant and in moral and political philosophy, including various books on Rawls and global justice. He is Professor of Political Science at Columbia University, Professorial Fellow at the Australian National University Centre for Applied Philosophy and Public Ethics, and Professor II of Philosophy at the University of Oslo. He is editor for social and political philosophy for the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy and member of the Norwegian Academy of Science. 

The prizes for physics and chemistry shall be awarded by the Swedish Academy of Sciences that for physiological or medical work by the Karolinska Institutet in Stockholm that for literature by the Academy in Stockholm and that for champions of peace by a committee of five persons to be elected by the Norwegian Storting. It is my express wish that in the awarding of the prizes no consideration whatsoever shall be given to the nationality of the candidates, so that the most worthy shall receive the prize, whether he be a Scandinavian or not. 

Nobel gave instructions that the prizes for chemistry and physics were to be awarded by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, for physiology or medicine by the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, for literature by the Swedish Academy, and for peace by a five-person committee elected by the Norwegian Parliament. The deliberations are secret, and the decisions cannot be appealed. In 1969, the Swedish Central Bank established a prize in economics in Nobel s honor. The recipient of this prize is selected by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. On December 10—the anniversary of Nobel s death—the prizes are awarded in Stockholm, except for the peace prize, which is awarded in Oslo. 

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