Northern Eurasia

The average concentration of selenium in various biogeochemical food webs is shown in Table 1. 

Similar regions were monitored in other sites of Russia, especially in the South Ural mountains, where the elevated contents of selenium in soils and natural waters coincide with increasing rates of corresponding animal diseases. The analogous biogeochemical provinces have been also monitored in Uzbekistan. 

Links of biogeochemical food web Se content in enriched biogeochemical areas, ppm  

There are physiological standards for diagnosis of both Se deficit and excess. The standard content of Se in blood samples is 4-10 ppb, and in kidney, 10-20 ppb. Under Se deficit this content decreases till 1-3 ppb, and under excessive intake, it increases up to 40-100 ppb (Ermakov, 1993). 

The comparison of different selenium biogeochemical regions is shown in Table 2. 

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Table 4. Description of regions of biosphere, sub-regions of biosphere and bio geochemical provinces in the area of Northern Eurasia. 

On a basis of data, presented in Table 4, a biogeochemical map of Northern Eurasia (the former USSR area) has been created (Figure 4). 

In the Northern Hemisphere the area of arctic and tundra landscapes with plant species ecosystems is 3,756,000 km2. In the Southern Hemisphere similar landscapes are completely absent. Most of these landscapes occur in northern Eurasia (Russia, Fennoscandia), Greenland, Alaska, and Canada. 

Velichko A. A., Kremenetski C. V., Borisova O. K., Zelikson E. M., Nechaev V. P., and Faure H. (1998) Estimates of methane emission during the last 125,000 years in Northern Eurasia. Global Planet. Change 16—17, 159—180. 

Moles are small burrowing animals of the order In-sectivora, mammals with teeth designed for crushing the outer shells of insects. The true moles and desmans (water-living moles) make up the family Talpidae, which inhabit most of North America and northern Eurasia. The similar golden moles of Africa, south of the Sahara, make up the family Chrysochloridae. 

Larger owls tend to eat bigger prey than do smaller owls. The eagle owl (Bubo bubo) of northern Eurasia has a body up to 26 in (67 cm) long and weighs as much as 9 lb (4 kg) or more. It is a formidable predator that feeds on animals as large as ducks, hares, other birds of prey. 

The modern biogeochemical accumulation of silicon species was monitored in various parts of northern Eurasia, like Island Greenland, European (Karelia and Kola peninsula) and the Asian part of Russia (Chukotka peninsula). Enlarged concentrations of silicon (15-30mg/L) were found in surface waters, especially in lakes. The source... 

Bazilevich, N. I. (1993). Biological productivity of the ecosystems of the Northern Eurasia. Moscow Nauka Publishing house, 293 pp. 

Dolukhanov PM, Shukurov AM et al. (2002) Colonization of Northern Eurasia by modem humans radiocarbon chronology and environment. J Archaeol Sci 29 593-606... 

Texier, D. de Noblet, N., Harrison, S. P, Haxeltine, A., Jolly, D., Jous-saume, S., Laarif, R, Prentice, I. C., and Tarasov, P. (1997). Quantifying the role of biosphere-atmosphere feed-backs in climate change coupled model simulations for 6000 years BP and comparison with palaeodata for northern Eurasia and northern Africa. Climate Dynamics. 13, 865-882. 

Perhaps we can invoke Uniformitarianism by pointing out that North America and northern Eurasia were in the grip of continental ice sheets only about 10,000-15,000 years ago and that the climate of these areas has warmed up and now supports abundant vegetation without requiring a major change in latitude because the circulation of the oceans and of the atmosphere distribute solar heat and thereby determine the climate in different parts of the Earth. 

Figure 5. Electrochemical sedimentation of gold and mercury on the copper wire in the tails of gold in the conditions of cryogenesis (forming period of about 30 years. Northern Eurasia) (A), section of the amalgam in the reflected light (optical microscopy analysis with Leica Qwin Standart ) (B).

Experts estimate the number of mining industry waste only in Northern Eurasia in the hundreds of... 

Figure 8. A Schematic map of the existing and proposed tailings of the mining companies in North Eurasia in XX-XXI century (based on zoning of Placer Deposits of Russia (Patyk-Kara, N.G. and Lalerov, N.P. (eds.), 1997) and modeled permafrost temperatures in Northern Eurasia (Romanovsky et al., 2007, 2008)).

Figure 6. The time variation of the angle between the horizon and the compression and size of major landslides in million m Solutions of earthquake focus mechanisms according to ( Earthquakes in Northern Eurasia ), data on landslides by (Ibatulin, 2011).

Krupnik, I. I. (1993). Arctic Adaptations Native whalers and reindeer herders of Northern Eurasia. Hanover University Press of New Engltmd. 

Bulygina, O. N., Groisman, P. Y., Razuvaev, V., Korshunova, N. N. (2011). Changes in snow cover characteristics over Northern Eurasia since 1966. Environmental Research Letters, 6(4), 045204. 

Sychevskaya, E.K. (2001) New data on the Jurassic freshwater fish fauna of northern Eurasia. In Proceedings of the International Meeting on Mesozoic Fishes, Systematics, Paleoenvironments, and Biodiversity Abstracts 60 (ed. A. Tintori). 

Tishkov, A. 2002. Boreal forests. In Shahgedanova, M. (Ed.), The Physical Geography of Northern Eurasia. Oxford University Press Oxford, pp. 216-233. 

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