Normative constraints

The main advantage of a ranking by HDT is that it can be performed without any normative constraints. HDT simply sorts the objects without any additional information. Beyond sorting, many conclusions may be drawn from the Hasse diagrams as they represent a well-defined mathematical structure. Summarizing the following recommendations can be given ... 

In the above expression, only the last term depends on which is a quadratic form with a constant coefficient matrix Ap. Minimizing it with respect to and subjected to the norm constraint = 1 gives the most probable mode shape as the eigenvector of Aq with the largest eigenvalue. 

The above quantification cannot be appUed to the mode shape because it is vector valued and is subject to the norm constraint. One way to quantify the uncertainty of the mode shape is through the Expected modal assurance criterion (MAC), defined analogously as in the deterministic case. According to the posterior distribution, which is approximated by a Gaussian distribution, given the measured data, the mode shape is a Gaussian vector with mean vector equal to the most probable mode shape and a covariance matrix Co . The latter is given by... 

Keywords Refiective equilibrium Philosophy and Linguistics Normative constraints Engineering ethics Sending country Receiving country Rawls... 

By a normative constraint on an engineering outcome we mean an overall condition of acceptability for that outcome. 

We can initially discard three hopeful thoughts, which are that one among these three sets of normative constraints will uniformly control the engineering outcome. The alternatives are these ... 

Pure paternalism The normative constraints of the senders alone, in conjunction with the design constraints, determine the acceptable engineering outcomes. Pure tolerance The normative constraints of the hosts alone, in conjunction with the design constraints, determine the acceptable engineering outcomes. 

In the first case the host normative constraints act as the controlling framework in which an engineering solution is chosen. Such a case is likely to involve a clash of cultural, religious, social, political, or gender based norms as between the host and guest. An engineering solution that meets the normative constraints of the host country may not necessarily be the best engineering solution but it is a compromise... 

We propose to achieve a coherent equilibrium between the normative constraints associated with the sending society, the host society, and the design-context by utilizing a generalization of the Rawls original position construction (Rawls 1999). At a first approximation, knowing the guest norms, the host norms, and... 

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