Nonmicroscopy techniques

Together with corroborating evidence from other nonmicroscopy techniques (infrared spectroscopy [32-34], differential scanning calorimetry [34,35], x-ray diffraction [23]) have also indicated that the intercellular lipid pathway provides the primary barrier to the passive diffusion of water- and lipid-soluble molecules across the SC. 

Characterization of fiber microstructure normally requires several microscopy techniques, as was shown in the simple example in the last section. An optical cross section of a fiber may have a dogbone shape (Fig. 5.2D), and yet this image does not reveal much about the internal fiber structure. On the other hand, a fracture surface of a fiber may reveal the presence of internal detail when viewed in the SEM (Fig. 5.11), and yet still not provide a complete picture of the structure. Clearly, complementary microscopy techniques and nonmicroscopy techniques must be applied to solving structural problems. Specific problem solving examples are described here which are representative of the wide range of studies conducted and documented in the many journals that publish polymer research. 

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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ ]

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