Nonmethane hydrocarbons, global

Fenner (11) has pointed out that short-lifetime constituents of the atmosphere such as nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and nonmethane hydrocarbons may also play roles related to global warming because of their chemical relations to the longer-lived greenhouse gases. Also, SO, with a very short life interacts with ozone and other constituents to be converted to particulate sulfate, which has effects on cloud droplet formation. 

Jaffe, D. A., T. K. Berntsen, and I. S. A. Isaksen, A Global Three-Dimensional Chemical Transport Model. 2. Nitrogen Oxides and Nonmethane Hydrocarbon Results, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 21281-21296(1997). 

Wang Y., D. J. Jacob, and J. A. Logan (1998) Global simulation if tropospheric 03-NOx-hydrocarbon chemistry. 3. Origin of tropospheric ozone and effects of nonmethane hydrocarbons, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 10757-10767. 

Plass-Dulmer C., Koppmann R., Ratte M., and Rudolph J. (1995) Light nonmethane hydrocarbons in seawater. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 9, 79-100. 

Table 6-4. Hydrocarbon Emissions from Anthropogenic Sources (a) In the United States, Including Methane (Environmental Protection Agency, 1976 Mann, 1981) (b) On a Global Scale, Nonmethane Hydrocarbons Only (Ehhalt et al., 1986) (c) Source Apportionment in Sidney, Australia (Nelson et al., 1983)...

Table 6-6. Summary of Global Emission Rates of Nonmethane Hydrocarbons from Various Sources...

The global sources and sinks of CO are given in Table 2.14. Methane oxidation (by OH) is a major source of CO, as are technological processes (combustion and industrial processes), biomass burning, and the oxidation of nonmethane hydrocarbons. Uncertainties in each of these estimated sources are large. It is estimated that about two-thirds... 

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