Nonionic Surfactant and Water Cloud Point

12 Phase behavior of a water-nonionic amphiphile system (CP, critical point amph, amphiphile). 

In Table 3.1, the hydrophilic/lipophilic balance (HLB) is calculated according to the empirical equation HLB = 20Mh/M, where Mh is the molar mass of the 

13 (a) Effect of pressure on the size of the closed loop, (b) Closed loop of the 

14 Binary phase diagram of a water-ethoxylated nonionic amphiphile system, including lyotropic liquid crystal domains. (From Kalhweit, M. and Strey, R., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 24, 654, 1985. With permission.) 

Although very difficult to determine with accuracy, the miscibility gaps always exist, as well as the three-phase situations. Of course, the critical temperatures and 

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