Noncoding regions

There is a normal variation of DNA sequence just as is true of more obvious aspects of human structute. Variations of DNA sequence, polymorphisms, occur approximately once in evety 500 nucleotides, or about 10 times per genome. There are without doubt deletions and insertions of DNA as well as single-base substitutions. In healthy people, these alterations obviously occur in noncoding regions of DNA or at sites that cause no change in function of the encoded protein. This heritable polymorphism of DNA structure can be associated with certain diseases within a large kindred and can be used to search for the specific gene involved, as is illustrated below. It can also be used in a variety of applications in forensic medicine. 

Plant DNA Allergen checker [Plant] Oriental Yeast Co., Ltd. Noncoding region of chloroplast DNA Approximately 124... 

Chen CY, Schotiand P, Sehgal A. Alterations of per RNA in noncoding regions affect periodicity of circadian behavioral rhythms. J Biol Rhythms 1998 13 364-379. 

Triplet repeat disorders are characterized by 3-base-pair nucleotide repeats that lie in either coding or noncoding regions and give rise to a multitude of different... 

Other cytokines synthesised by activated neutrophils (but not bloodstream neutrophils) include interferon-a G-CSF and M-CSF. Interferon-a expression is stimulated by exposure of blood neutrophils to G-CSF (incubation times >3 h are required), but expression of this cytokine is not activated by exposure to either LPS or fMet-Leu-Phe. G-CSF induces 0.95- and 1.2-kb mRNA molecules, the latter transcript containing the message plus a 3 noncoding region. Synthesis of interferon-a protein (as determined by a radioimmunoassay) requires incubation times in excess of 6 h, and the functions of this cytokine include inhibition of neutrophil-colony formation and platelet formation in vitro. 

Messenger RNA contains both coding regions (exons) and noncoding regions (introns). 

Many genes contain triplet repeats in either coding or noncoding regions that is, a... 

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