Nonagglomerating coal

Suhhituminous coal glossy-black-weathering and nonagglomerating coal that is lower in fixed carbon than bituminous coal, with more volatile matter and oxygen. See also Coal. 

A 10-in. diameter continuous fluidized-bed reactor system is being operated to produce nonagglomerating coal from high volatile bituminous coal by mild surface oxidation. Minimum pretreatment is defined by acceptability of the coal as a feed to the hydro gasifier. This corresponds to 24-26% volatile matter in the pretreated coal. The following operating variables, in the order of importance, contribute to satisfactory pretreatment—reaction temperature of 725°-750°F., oxygen reacted coal feed ratio of 1.0 1.5 std. cu. ft./lb.9 and a coal residence time of 1-2 hours. 

Coal Char This type of char is the nonagglomerated, nonfusible residue from the thermal treatment of coal. Coal chars are obtained as a residue or a coproduct from low-temperature carbonization processes and from processes being developed to convert coal to hquid and gaseous fuels and to chemicals. Such chars have a substantial heating value. The net amount of char from a conversion process varies widely in some instances, it may represent between about 30... 

Methanation Section Test Conditions. To date, the HYGAS pilot plant has been operated with Montana lignite coal feed. This lignite is a low sulfur (usually less than 1 wt % ) coal which has good reactivity for hydrogasification. The coal is nonagglomerating (thus eliminating the need for pretreatment), and it represents the lowest rank of U. S. coals that are available for conversion to substitute natural gas. 

Coal Char Coal char is, generically, the nonagglomerated, non-fusible residue from the thermal treatment of coal however, it is more specifically the solid residue from low- or medium-temperature carbonization processes. Char is used as a fuel or a carbon source. Chars have compositions intermediate between those of coal and coke the volatile matter, sulfur content, and heating values of the chars are lower, and the ash content is higher, than those of the original coal. 

Lignite B the rank of coal within the lignite class such that on a moist, mineral-matter-free basis, the gross calorific value of the coal in British thermal units per pound is less than 6300, and the coal is nonagglomerating. 

Because of the complexity of the coalification processes, different measures are used to define different levels of rank (Table I) high moisture, low heating value, and nonagglomerating character of the coal define the rank (group) within the lignite and subbituminous classes and volatile matter (or fixed carbon) define the various groups of rank in the bituminous and anthracite classes. In addition to these properties, the reflectance of vitrinite, carbon content of the coal (dry, mineral matter free), and some other properties change proportionately as rank increases (Table I). 

Scaleup of the FDP Reactor. The FDP reactor has two important functions it must convert the coal to a nonagglomerating char for the subsequent fluid bed and it must convert enough carbon to methane so that the FDP product gas is, after acid gas removal and light methana-tion, an acceptable pipeline gas. 

Cadcing coals cannot be used without pretreat-nent to render them nonagglomerating or without modif -ing the mechanical design. 

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