NMR contrast agents

Rosen BR, Belliveau JW, Vevea JM et al (1990) Perfusion imaging with NMR contrast agents. Magn Reson Med 14 249-265 Rother J, Wentz KU, Rautenberg W et al (1993) Magnetic resonance angiography in vertebrobasilar ischemia. Stroke 24 1310-1315... 

Runge, V.M. (2008) Notes on characteristics of gadolinium-DTPA complex a potential NMR contrast agent . American Journal of Roentgenology, 190, 1433-1434. 

Macrocyclic Gd Complexes as NMR Contrast Agents Antibody Labeling with Functionalized Macrocyclic Metal Complexes... 

The process of antibody labeling consists of three steps (i) a functionalized azamacrocycle must be developed to coordinate the specific isotope (ii) the macrocycle or its metal complex must be covalently attached to the antibody and (iii), the medical application must be tested. Hereby several points must be fulfilled. As for NMR contrast agents, the macrocyclic metal cornplex must be thermodynamically and kinetically stable so that no dissociation or transmetallation occurs in the body of the patient. The covalent bond between the macrocycle and the antibody must be stable against enzymes which can break it. Finally, the modification of the antibody should not be to drastic as to deactivate it. 

Weinmann HI, Brasch RC, Press WR, Wesbey GE. Characteristics of gadolinium-DTPA complex A potential NMR contrast agent. AJR 1984 142 619-624. 

NMR is an important teclnhque for the study of flow and diflfiision, since the measurement may be made highly sensitive to motion without in any way influencing the motion under study. In analogy to many non-NMR-methods, mass transport can be visualized by imaging the distribution of magnetic tracers as a fiinction of time. Tracers may include paramagnetic contrast agents which, in particular, reduce the transverse... 

The hydration state of lanthanide(III) chelates can be assessed by different techniques. Luminescence studies are widely used for Eu111 and Tb111 chelates (see Chapter 9.21).17 18 170 NMR chemical shift measurements in solution of lanthanide(III) (most often Dy or Gd) complexes can also give information on q.19 These techniques in the context of MRI contrast agent research have been reviewed in 2001.1... 

Although nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has been used to study a variety of lanthanide based systems like contrast agents for medical imaging applications, only a handful of studies on lanthanide SMMs using NMR have been performed to date. These include the neutral [Ln(Pc)2]°(Ln = Dy or Tb)... 

Her present research interests are focused onto the design, synthesis of new lanthanide complexes as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), as well as the development of a novel series of pH and p02 indicators for 111 NMR spectroscopic imaging ( II-MRSI). More recently, she has been involved in synthesis and evaluation of nanostructurated contrast agents. 

---