Nitrosobenzene phenol

Table 27. Selected examples of correlation between observed and calculated UV transitions (Del Bene and Jaffe). (Other studied compounds include benzene, pyridine, 1,2-diazine, 1,3-diazine, 1,4-diazine, cyclopentadienide ion, pyrazole, imidazole, 2-pyrrole-carboxaldehyde, furfural, benzonitrile, nitrosobenzene, phenol, phenoxide ion, pyridinium ion, 1-hydroxy-pyridinium ion, 2-cyano-pyridine, 3-cyano-pyridine, 4-cyano-pyridine, 2-amino-pyridine, 3-amino-pyridine, 4-amino-pyridine.)...

Ihe efficiency of crosslinking is increased by including accelerators (e.g., tetraalkylthiuram disulfide, zinc dialkyldithiocarbamate) and activators (e.g., ZnO plus stearic acid) which inhibit the formation of long polysulfide crosslinks, vicinal crosslinks and intramolecular cyclic sulfide structures. 1,4-Poly-l,3-dienes are also crosslinked by heating with -nitrosobenzene, phenolic resins or maleimides for applications requiring improved thermal stability. 

Oxidation. Bis(p-methoxyphenyl)telluroxide (1) is a mild and selective oxidant for conversion of xanthates, thiocarbamates, thioamides, and nonenolizable thiones into the corresponding oxo derivatives, and also of thiols into disulfides. Typically these reactions afford products in 70-100% yield. 1,2- and 1,4-Hydroquinones are oxidized by 1 to o- and p-quinones, respectively. Phenylhydroxylamine is oxidized to nitrosobenzene (90% yield). Phenols, amines, enamines, alcohols, oximes, dithiolanes, isonitriles, and 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazones are unreactive. 

The benzene is initially converted to phenylmercuric nitrate which reacts with nitrogen dioxide to yield nitrosobenzene Each of these intermediates has been isolated from the reaction mixture. The nitrosobenzene can react in two wajrs. In nitric acid weaker than 50 per cent, it reacts with 2 moles of nitric oxide to form phenyldiazonium nitrate, a reaction first discovered by Bamberger. The diazonium salt is converted by water to phenol, which is nitrated in steps to the final products. In nitric acid of greater than 50 per cent concentration, the nitrosobenzene is converted directly to p-nitro-phenol without going through the diazonium compound. The p-nitro-phenol is then nitrated further to give the dinitrophenol and picric acid. 

Nitrobenzene Benzaldehyde Benzoic acid Benzene Toluene Chlorobenzene Phenol Nitrosobenzene, aniline, Al-phenylformamide, azoxybenzene, azobenzene Benzyl alcohol Benzaldehyde Benzaldehyde, 1,4-cyclohexadiene, phenol, benzoic acid , biphenyl 2-Methylphenol, 3,3 -dimethylbiphenyl Phenol, 2-chlorophenol, benzaldehyde... 

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