Nitrogen reaction with organics

Single crystal X-ray analysis of the ethynyl-l,5-azastibocine 5a showed the presence of intramolecular Sb---N interaction which should be responsible for the reactivity enhancement of the ethynyl-l,5-azastibocines in Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions with organic halides (see Section 14.18.11). The distance between the antimony and nitrogen atoms (2.538(4) A) corresponds to 68% of the sum of the van der Waals radii of both elements (3.74 A). In the crystal central antimony atom exhibited a pseudo-trigonal-bipyramidal structure <2003TL8589>. 

The chemistry of chlorine discussed in this section includes hydrolysis and optimum pH range of chlorination, expression of chlorine disinfectant concentration, reaction mediated by sunlight, reactions with inorganics, reactions with ammonia, reactions with organic nitrogen, breakpoint reaction, reactions with phenols, formation of trihalomethanes, acid generation, and available chlorine. 

The diaminobenzenes (phenylenediamines) are prepared by reduction of 1,3-dinitrobenzene and 2- and 4-nitroanilines. o-Phenylenediamine is of value in the synthesis of a range of nitrogen heterocycles. Thus reaction with organic acids produces benzimidazoles (8). With 1,2-dicarbonyl compounds, quinoxalines (9) are produced. Treatment with nitrous acid results in diazotization of one amino group followed by immediate cyclization to give benzotriazole (10). 

Lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide is a colorless solid which is soluble in a variety of organic solvents suitable for reactive compounds such as organometallic substances or substituted metal amides. The compound melts at 71 to 72°. It is unstable in air and catches fire when compressed, but it is stable in an atmosphere of nitrogen. Reactions with a variety of nonmetallic halides give lithium halides and hexamethyldisilazyl derivatives. 

A schematic view of the biogeochemical nitrogen cycle (Rosswall, 1982) is presented in Figure 1. Of special interest in the context of this discussion are reactions 1, 2, 3, and 4 which involve nitrogen associated with organic matter. These reactions are ... 

Reactions with Organic Nitrogen. Chlorine reacts readily with many organic nitrogen compounds fust as it does with ammonia. The organic amines, which have the group — NHa, —NH—, or —N= as part of their molecule, are very common. The elementary reaction with methylamine, CHsNHa, is typical... 

A nitrification inhibitor that is fully effective would be expected to (1) increase efficiency in the use of nitrogen fertilizers, especially on coarse-textured soils where rainfall is high, or extensive irrigation is practiced (2) make more feasible the practice of fall applications of ammonia (3) make less critical the time of nitrogen fertilizer applications and the need for split applications and (4) reduce nitrogen losses that may occur via nitrite decomposition or reaction with organic matter. Whether the benefits to be expected are sufficient to more than offset the costs of the chemical, and the additional steps involved in its use, is a practical matter that must be determined by the user for his particular soil and cropping system. 

Nevertheless, cobaltous ions form efficient redox initiating systems with peroxydisulfate ions. " Tertiary aromatic amines also participate in bimolecular reaction with organic peroxides. One of the unpaired electrons on the nitrogen atom transfers to the peroxide link, inducing decomposition. No nitrogen, however, is found in the polymer. It is therefore not a true redox type initiation and the amine acts more like a promoter of the decomposition. Two mechanisms were proposed to explain this reaction. The first one was offered by Homer et al... 

Reactions of Nitrogen Dioxide with Organic Compounds... 

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