Nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic and antimony

Thus oxygen can feature in a wide variety of compounds including ozone, oxides, water, hydrogen peroxide, carbonates, nitrates/nitrites, etc. It comprises about 21% of normal air (by volume). 

Sulphur molecules are Sg and it can exist in several forms. Its compounds are more acidic than those of oxygen and it may assume covalency up to six. It forms a series of oxides and oxyacids of diverse chemistry. Combustion yields mainly SO2, a cause of atmospheric pollution from sulphur-bearing fossil fuels. 

None of diese elements from Group V form cations of the type due to loss of all five 

Phosphorus exists as white and red phosphorus. The former allotrope may be preserved in the dark at low temperatures but otherwise reverts to the more stable red form. The white form is a waxy, translucent, crystalline, highly-toxic solid subliming at room temperature and inflaming in air at 35°C, so it is handled under water. The red form is a reddish violet crystalline solid which vaporizes if heated at atmospheric pressure and condenses to give white phosphorus. The red form ignites in air at 260°C. Both are insoluble in water, and white phosphorus can be stored beneath it. Phosphorus forms a host of compounds such as phosphine, tri- and penta-halides, tri-, tetra- and penta-oxides, oxyacids including hypophosphorous, orthophosphorous and orthophosphoric acids. 

Arsenic exists as grey, yellow and black forms of differing physical properties and susceptibilities towards atmospheric oxygen. The general chemistry is similar to that of phosphorus but whereas phosphorus is non-metallic, the common form of arsenic is metallic. Traces of arsenides may be present in metallic residues and drosses these may yield highly toxic arsine, ASH3, with water. 

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Compounds of pentad nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, and antimony. 

Some oxygen-containing heteroelement compounds, in which other elements are not coordinatively active, could be attributed to O-ligands. This group includes in particular nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, and antimony organo-oxides [1,3,11,112], The most studies amongst them are phosphine oxides, on whose basis complexes, with structure 295, of practically all metals have been obtained [1, vol.2 3] ... 

Name the simplest hydrogen compounds of nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, and antimony. Compare the stability of these hydrides when heated. Compare any ability they may possess to unite with water to form bases, and with acids to form salts. 

The similarity of the elements is indicated by the formulas of their hydrides, NH3 (ammonia), PH (f osphine), AsHg (arsine), SI3H3, and BiHg, and of their highest oxides, NgO, P2O-, As O, Sb O., and Bi20-. This similarity is far from complete, however the principal acids formed by nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, and antimony have different formulas ... 

Chromium and Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Arsenic, and Antimony—Carbides and Carbonates—Cyanides, Chromioyanidcs, Chromithiooyanates—Compounds with Silicon and Boron. 

Nitrogen Substitutions. Nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, and antimony, form a group of equivalent elements, and do not appear to have any analogy with other bodies. We may say, that they do not exercise any action upon organic substances,—that they do not combine directly with them,—and that they do not even displace one another mutually from their combinations. Lastly, they all possess the remarkable property of originating alkaloids. 

Sid. Certain compounds of nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, and antimony, such ns ammonia (Nil,). 

ORGANOLEAD DERIVATIVES OF NITROGEN, PHOSPHORUS, ARSENIC AND ANTIMONY... 

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