Nitrofurazone

Chemical Name 2-[(5-nitro-2-furanvl)mBthvlBne] hydrazinecarboxamidB Common Name Nitrofural 

Trade Name Manufacturer Country Year Introduced 

and CKeefe, C, U.S. Patent 2,927,110 March 1, 1960 assigned to The Norwich Pharmacal Company 

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Chemically synthesized antimicrobials used in animal and poultry feeds include arsenicals, eg, arsanilic acid [98-50-0] sodium arsanilate [127-85-5] and roxarsone [121-19-7]-, sulfa dmgs, eg, sulfadimethoxine [122-11-2], sulfamethazine [57-68-1], and sulfathiazole [72-14-0]-, carbadox [6804-07-5]-, and nitrofurans, eg, furazoHdone [67 5-8] and nitrofurazone [59-87-0] (see Antibacterial agents, synthetic Antiparasitic agents). 

NitrofuraZone. 2-[5-Nitro-2-furanyl)methylene]hydrazinecarboximide, the first nitrofiiran to be employed clinically, is prepared from 5-nitro-2-furancarboxaldehyde and semicarbazide (19). This product has seen clinical use topically as an antibacterial, for systemic appHcation for bacterial infections in poultry and swine, and also has been employed as a food additive. In rats, nitrofurazone is hydroxylated at the 4 position of the furan moiety (27). The involvement of nitrenium ions has also been postulated in the mechanism of action of nitrofurazone (38). 

In rats, the oxidative and reductive metaboHsm products have been identified as the 4-hydroxylated furan and [(3-cyano-l-oxopropyl)methyleneamino]-2-4-imidazohdinedione, respectively (27,42). In addition, the ease of electron transfer as a mechanism of activity with nitrofurantoin and nitrofurazone has been studied (43). 

The first drugs in this class to be introduced into clinical practice are simple derivatives of 5-nitrofurfural (18). Thus, the oxime is known as nitrofuroxime (19) while the semicarbazone is called nitrofurazone (20). In order to maintain better control over the distribution and metabolism of these antibacterial agents, increasingly complex side chains and rings have been grafted onto the hydrazone. 

Nithiazole 268 Nitrafudam 130 Nitrazepam J. 366 Nitrimidazine 1, 240 Nitrofurantoin 230 Nitrofurantel 1, 229 Nitrofurazone 229 Nitrofuroxime 1, 228 Nitromifene 3, 51 Nivazol 159 Nivimedone 87... 

Yamacillin Taiempiciiiin Yamafur Carmofur Yatrociclina Methacycline Yatrocin Nitrofurazone Yesdol Diphenidol YIestrol Ethinylestradiol Yobir Alprenolol HCI Yocio Clofibrate Yomesan Niclosamide Yonomol Inositol niacinate Yophadoi Diphenidol Yosimilon Trimetazidine Youfural Tegafur Ytrocin Erythromycin Yubekinon - Ubidecarenone Yurinex Bumetanide Yutopar Ritodrine Yxin Tetrahydrozoline HCI... 

Substances to be stored in well-closed, light-resistant containers e.g., isoniazid, nalidixic acid, nandrolone phenylpropionate, nitrofurazone. 

Neurotransmitters, in regulation of blood pressure, 55 Nialamide, 254 Nicotinic acid, 253 Nicotinyl alcohol, 253 Nidroxyzone, 228 Nifenazone, 234 Niflvminic acid, 256 Nifurprazine, 231 Nikethamide, 253 Nitrazepam, 366 Nitrimidazine, 240 Nitrofurantoin, 230 Nitrofuratel, 229 Nitrofurazone, 228 5-Nitrofurfural, 228 Nitrofuroxime, 228 Nitrosation... 

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