Nitrobenzene solubility parameter

To determine partial pressure of any organic compormd i is needed the information about its solubility or solubibty coefficient in ground water and nonpolar solution. These values for fresh water may be found in Handbook of physicochemical properties and environmental2006. For accormting for the effect of mineral salts of water solutions should be used equation (2.290). Solubility of nonpolar compormds declines with increase in salinity. For instance, Sechenov coefficient in normal conditions is equal for aniline 0.130, for phenol - 0.133, and for benzene and nitrobenzene - 0.166 (Sergeyeva, 1965). The saturated vapour pressure and solubility parameters for a number of organic compounds are listed in Table 2.32. As a rule, saturated vapour pressure is provided in mm Hg, more rarely in Pa or atmospheres (1 mm Hg = 133.3224 Pa or 1.3332-10 bar). 

Because of their crystallinity, the nylons are soluble at room temperature only in liquids capable of interaction with the polymer. Thus nylons dissolve in strong proton donors such as acetic acid, formic acid and phenols. Liquids of similar high solubility parameter, e.g., alcohols, have some swelling action and even readily dissolve some copolymers. Nitrobenzene, benzyl alcohol and glycols are effective solvents at elevated temperatures towards most other organic solvents, fuels and oils nylons show outstanding resistance. 

As recently as 1998, Zhou et al. [445] analyzed the widely varying uptakes of substituted benzenes and phenols (nitrobenzene > benzaldehyde > nitro-4-phenol > 4-cresol > phenol > aniline) using models such as those of Langmuir, Freundlich, and preferably—when the solute concentration range was large— Redlich-Peterson and Jossens-Myers, in which the parameters are not related to the properties of the adsorbent instead, they are related to the solubility and the Hammett constant of the solutes (.see Section IV.B.2). 

The chemical shifts have been correlated satisfactorily with the solvent parameters AN (acceptor number (ref. 28)), DN (donor number (ref. 29)) and e (dielectric constant) for a set of nine solvents (acetone, acetonitrile, DMF, DMAc, nitrobenzene, sulfolane, HMPT, benzonitrile, methanol) (ref. 17) (Fig. 4). The predominant weight of AN indicates clearly the basic character of solvated fluorides which, however, is strongly modulated by HF-solvation and can be quantified in that way. Thus, the correlation between the chemical shift and the reactivity of soluble fluoride anions could, in principle, allow to predict their fluorination efficiency in any solvent. 

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