Nitro-containing compounds

It is found that many nitro compounds fall into the group for which butyl rubber is an appropriate choice, so if a new nitro-containing compound had been synthesized and we wished to choose a glove to provide protection, inspection of the members of the class would suggest butyl rubber as a suitable candidate. In this application, we are using the observation of similarities within a class (the presence of many nitro compounds) as a predictive tool (best handled using butyl rubber gloves). 

In a static model ecosystem, several amino derivatives of fenitrothion, probably derived from the soil metabolism, were demonstrated in carp tissues, together with the nitro-containing compounds. The concentration of fenitrothion in carp, snails, daphnids and algae decreased with time, although its bioaccumulation ratio relative to the concentration in water tended to increase gradually in snails, daphnids and algae, presumably due to lower metabolic activity and/or slow excretion. 

Photolytic. Low et al. (1991) reported that nitro-containing compounds (e.g., 2,4-dinitrophenol) degrade via UV light in the presence of titanium dioxide yielding ammonium, carbonate, and nitrate ions. By analogy, 2,4-dinitrotoluene should degrade forming identical ions. 

The results from EFISH experiments are listed in Table IV along with the FF predictions. We note that the our measured values for 4-dimethylamino-4 -nitrostilbene (DANS) and 4-dimethylamino-4 -nitroazobenzene are consistent with previously published work (26,27). The theoretical predictions discussed previously show an excellent correlation with the actual measured values for (Mg)zPz. As predicted the nonlinearities of nitro-containing compounds are larger... 

The catalyst could be recovered by the usual aqueous work-up regime. This recovered material had an identical IR spectrum to that of the freshly prepared catalyst with additional minor signals for (presumably) nitro containing compounds and was utilized... 

In their 1964 review (4319) and 1967 book (4332) on tobacco smoke carcinogenicity, Wynder and Hoffmann did not mention a nitroalkane or a nitroarene. In his 1968 review, Stedman (3797) listed no organic nitro-containing component identified in tobacco and tobacco smoke composition. His list of the agricultural chemicals used in tobacco agronomy [see Table XVI in (3797] also contained no nitro-containing compound. 

The use of GC for the analysis of GSR is limited due to the incompatibility of many of the analytes, such as the nitrate esters, and the lack of volatility of nitrocellulose, the major component of smokeless propellant. Despite this, GSR has been successfully analyzed using GC employing a variety of detectors including flame ionization, electron capture, and thermal energy analysis. Thermal energy analysis has been found to be particularly useful as it is selective for the nitro-containing compounds present in GSR. Recent attempts have been made to individualize GSR to a particular class of firearm and/or ammunition using chemometric techniques. 

The use of the fluorescence quenching in CMPs has also been used to detect organic vapours such as the nitro-containing compounds used in explosives. Networks synthesised using the oxidative coupling of carbazoles have been used to detect nitrotoluenes and nitrobenzene. ... 

The same mechanism is predicted by the calculations [163] also for the substitution reactions at the nitrogen atom of a nitro group. They are less common than Eq. (5.15) and proceed readily only in very few cases. Thus, the nitro-containing compounds do not practically exchange their oxygen atoms when treated with water in acidic or alkaline medium [167]. As a model for studying the MERP peculiarities, a degenerate transformation was taken ... 

Figure 3.24 Chromatograms of the separation of nitro-containing compounds on 10 m x 0.53 mm i.d. column with (a) CP Sil 19 CB and (b) CP Sil 8 CB as stationary phase column conditions 50°C (3 min) at 6°C/min to 250°C, detector FID, 24 cm/s He. Solutes (1) nitropropane, (2) 2-nitro-2-methyl-l-propanol, (3) n-dodecane, (4) nitrobenzene, (5) o-nitrotoluene, (6) 2-nitro-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, (7) 2-nitro-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol, (8) /7-nitroaniline, (9) /7-nitrobenzyl alcohol, (10) o-nitrodiphenyl, and (11) 4-nitrophthalimide. The stationary phases, CP Sil 19 CB and Cp Sil 8 CB are chemically similar to OV-1701 and OV-5, respectively. (From ref. 146.)...

FKM 1 Fluoroelastomer Standard fluorocarbon dipolymer 66% fluorine All aliphatic, aromatic and halogenated hydrocarbons, acids, animal and vegetable oils Ketones, low molecular weight esters and alcohols and nitro-containing compounds... 

The OH radical reaction rate constants with 1- and 2-nitronaphthalene and that of 2-methyl-1-nitronaphthalene are significantly lower than that for the parent PAH naphthalene [A (OH + naphthalene) = 2.3 x 10 , fe(OH- -1-methylnaphthalene) = 5.3 X 10 and fe(OH + 2-methylnaphthalene) = 5.23 x 10 cm molecule s (Calvert et al., 2002)]. As mentioned earlier for other nitro-containing compounds, this shows that substitution of an — N02 group on the aromatic ring markedly deactivates the aromatic ring to electrophilic addition of the OH radical. A similar situation is observed for the monocyclic aromatics, with the ambient temperature rate constant for the reaction of the OH radical with nitrobenzene being a factor of 10 lower than that for benzene. 

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