Nitro compds reductive

Analytical. Mannitol Hexanitrate can be hydrolyzed in basic soln and the soln acidified in the presence of NITRON to quanty ppt NITRON nitrate (Ref 16). A procedure is described for. the quant detn of nitrate esters, including Mannitol Hexanitrate, in the presence of aromatic nitro compds in Ref 17. It gives a yellow color when treated in et ale or acet with 5% aq K hydroxide, then 5% aq ammonia (Ref 24), It can be quanty detd by reduction with Devarda s alloy (Encycl 5, D-l 110) or A1 wire in aq et ale and titration of the evolved... 

The most common method of preparing azoxy compds is by the reduction of nitro compds ... 

Identification of azoxy compds) CA 45, 57K195D 10)H.W.Galbraith et al. JACS 73, 1323-4(1951) (Alkaline reduction of aromatic nitro compds with glucose to azoxy compds)... 

NaukPolitechWroclaw (Poland) No 4, Chem No 1, 5-14 (1954) (Reduction of aromatic nitro compds by 112S in pyridine) CA 50, 214-5(1956) 21)S.Carboni St G.Berti, Gazz 84, 683-91(1954) (Transformation of nitra-mines into azoxy compds) CA 50, 991-2... 

Piperidine. Hexahydropyridine. CjH N mol wt 85.15. C 70.52%, H 13.02%, N 16.45%. Found in small quantities in Piper nigrum L.. Piperaceae (black pepper). May be obtained from pipeline by henting with alcoholic KOH, or from 1,5-diaminopentane hydrochloride by cycli-zarion. Usually prepd by electrolytic reduction of pyridine. Forms complexes with salts of heavy metals. Because of its reactivity, piperidine is useful in the prepn of cryst derivatives of aromatic nitro compds contg nuclear halogen atoms Seikel, J, Am. Chem. Soc. 62, 750 (1940). Review of physical constants of piperidine and N-alkyl piperidines Magnus -... 

Tromethanaine, 2-Amino-2-hydroxyrnethyl-1,3-propanediol trimethylol aminomethane tris(hydroxymeth-yl)aminomethane trisamine iris buffer trometamol Tro-methane THAM TRIS Talatrol Tris Amino Tris-steril Trizma. C.H,N03 mol wt 121.14. C 39.66%, H 9.15%, N I ]. 56%, O 39.62%. May be prepd by reduction or catalytic hydrogenation of the corresp nitro compd. Prepn of similar compds Hass, Vanderbilt, U.S. pat. 2,174,242 (1940) ... 

Nickel boride hydrogen chloride Ar. amines from nitro compds. Selective reduction... 

Alcohols from oxo compds. 20 eqs. NaBH4 added to a soln. of 5 eqs. ZrC in THF at room temp, under N2, a soln. of 4 eqs. acetophenone in the same solvent added, and the mixture stirred at room temp, for 5 h - 1-phenylethanol. Y 96%. ZrCl4 is inexpensive, easy to use, and does not affect ar. nitro compds. and bromides. F.e., also reduction of carboxylic acids, esters and halides to prim, alcohols, and amides, oximes, alkoximes, nitriles, and imines to amines, s. S. Itsuno et al.. Synthesis 1988, 995-6. 

A novel insoluble green complex of palladium(II) and N,N -salicylideneethylenedi-amine (salen) functions as a selective heterogeneous catalyst, notably for the reduction of alkynes in the presence of alkenes, and of the latter in the presence of certain functional groups. E ciVEthylene from acetylene derivs. A soln. of startg. acetylene deriv. in EtOH hydrogenated for 17 min in the presence of the palladium(ll) complex (prepared from potassium tetrachloropalladate, salen, and triethylamine) cis-product. Y 100%. Reduction of alkenes is considerably slower however, terminal olefins may be reduced in the presence of internal olefins esters, oxo compds., dibenzyl ether, and iodobenzene were unaffected. F.e., also ar. amines from nitro compds. s. J.M. Kerr et al.. Tetrahedron Letters 29, 5545-48 (1988). 

Reductions with rhodium carbonyl Amines from nitro compds. 

Triethyl phosphite Reductive ring closure of nitro compds. 

Lower valent tungsten halides are a new class of deoxygenation agents, e.g. for the conversion of carbonyl or epoxy compounds into olefins . A new reagent, generated in situ from iron pentacarbonyl and a small amount of base in moist solvents, selectively and efficiently hydrogenates the ethylenic portion of a,/ -unsaturated carbonyl compounds, such as ketones or lactones, under mild conditions. Aliphatic tert. amides can be easily reduced to alcohols by alkali metals in hexa-methylphosphoramide and a protic cosolvent such as tert-butanol. Aldehydes can be obtained from acids by catalytic reduction of intermediate carboxylic alkoxyformic anhydrides . Sec. nitro compds. are converted into ketones by the joint action of a nitrite ester and NaNOg under mild, non-acidic conditions . 

A universal procedure for combined nitrogen is the Dumas method. This gasometric procedure is applicable to any organic compd contg nitrogen in any form, such as amino, nitroso, nitro, azo, cyano, nitrate, nitrite, as well as N in heterocyclic compds. The procedure involves combusting the sample in a closed system in a C02 atm, with subsequent reduction of the oxides... 

Nitro-2-methylcoumaran-3-one added to a suspension of 10%-Pd-on-carbon in dry benzene, hydrogenated, 2 moles of a 37%-formaldehyde soln. added, hydrogenation continued, filtered, the filtrate dried with MgS04, coned., excess methyl iodide added, and stored 2 days at 25° 5-trimethylammonio-2-methylcoumaran-3-one iodide. Y 61%. - The reduction is performed in benzene because of the instability of the intermediate dimethylamino compd. - Excess formaldehyde causes aldolization at the 2 position. M. P. Mertes, L. J. Powers, and M. M. Hava, J. Med. Chem. 14, 361 (1971). 

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