Nitriles nitro compounds

Unsaturated Nitriles, Nitro Compounds, and Sulfonic Acids and... 

Nitriles, nitro compounds, sulfur gases, oxides of nitrogen, ammonia and xylenols. 

This and other similar cycloadditions, however, when unactivated hydrocarbons without heteroatom substituents participate in Diels-Alder reaction, are rarely efficient, requiring forcing conditions (high temperature, high pressure, prolonged reaction time) and giving the addition product in low yield. Diels-Alder reactions work well if electron-poor dienophiles (a, p-un saturated carbonyl compounds, esters, nitriles, nitro compounds, etc.) react with electron-rich dienes. For example, compared to the reaction in Eq. (6.86), 1,3-butadiene reacts with acrolein at 100°C to give formy 1-3-cyclohexene in 100% yield. 

ORGANONITROGEN COMPOUNDS II. AMIDES, NITRILES, NITRO COMPOUNDS, AND SOME SUBSTANCES WITH N-N BONDS... 

Organonitrogen Compounds II. Amides, Nitriles, Nitro Compounds... 

The regiochemistry of this allylic substitution is determined primarily by steric factors.9 Substitution occurs from the less hindered side of allylic complex 22. This behavior is typical for attack by soft nucleophiles. Soft nucleophiles are distinguished by the fact that their charge can be stabilized by resonance. Examples include not only sulfones but also nitriles, nitro compounds, ketones, and esters of carboxylic acids. 

G. Boche, The Structure of Lithium Compounds of Sulfones, Sulfoximides, Sulfoxides, Thioethers and 1,3-Dithianes, Nitriles, Nitro Compounds and Hydrazones, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 1989, 28, 277-297. 

Redox processes involving 178 have also been studied.Anodic oxidation of thianthrene has been eifected in a wide variety of solvents. Use of trifluoracetic acid gives stable solutions of 178 and, if perchloric acid is included, the solid perchlorate salt may be isolated on evaporation of the solvent after electrolysis. Dichloromethane at low temperatures has been used and, at the opposite extreme, fused aluminum chloride-sodium chloride mixtures. " Propylene carbonate permits the ready formation of 178, whereas the inclusion of water in solvent mixtures gives an electrochemical means of sulfoxidizing thianthrene. Reversible oxidation of 178 to thianthrenium dication may be brought about in customary solvents such as nitriles, nitro compounds, and dichloromethane if the solvent is treated with neutral alumina immediately before voltammetry addition of trifluoracetic anhydride to trifluoracetic acid equally ensures a water-free medium. The availability of anhydrous solvent systems which permit the reversible oxidation and reduction of 178 has enabled the determination of the equilibrium constants for the disproportionation of the radical and for its equilibria with other aromatic materials. ... 

Diketone Keto ester Malonic ester 0-Keto nitrile Nitro compound... 

Nitriles nitro compounds. Benzylic chlorides or bromides react in acetonitrile or methylene chloride with dry KCN in the presence of 18-crown-6 to give benzyl nitriles in 85-95% yield. This procedure has been used to convert tri-methylchlorosilane into trimethylsilyl cyanide (4, 542-543) in about 45% yield. 

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