Nitric acid 1284 INDEX

Petroleum or mineral oil (kerosene, etc.) are less soluble in alcohol than most oils. They have a low specific gravity and refractive index, and are not saponified by alcoholic potash. The lower boiling fractions can usually be detected by their odour, and the higher boiling fractions remain in the residue on fractional distillation. They are unaffected by fuming nitric acid. 

The index works out at 21 classified as Fight . Ammonia would not normally be considered a dangerously flammable material the danger of an internal explosion in the reactor is the main process hazard. The toxicity of ammonia and the corrosiveness of nitric acid would also need to be considered in a full hazard evaluation. 

Elemental composition Cu 57.47%, C 5.43%, H 0.91%, 0 36.18%. Both malachite and azurite may be identified by x-ray analysis and analyzed qualitatively using physical properties such as refractive index and density. For quantitative analysis, the compound may he digested in nitric acid and analyzed for copper by various instrumental methods (see Copper.)... 

Black monoclinic or hexagonal crystals or powder density 4.6 g/cm refractive index 1.45 hardness 1.8 Mohs decomposes at 220°C insoluble in water, ethanol and aUtabs. Ksp 8.0xl(h34j soluble in nitric acid, ammonium hydroxide and potassium cyanide solutions also soluble in hot hydrochloric and sulfuric acids. 

White monochnic or rhombic crystals refractive index 1.877 density 6.20 g/cm3 melts at 1,170°C very slightly soluble in water, 42.5 mg/L at 25°C Kspl.82xlCH sparingly soluble in hydrochloric and nitric acids slightly soluble in dilute sulfuric acid, more soluble in concentrated sulfuric acid insoluble in alcohol soluble in caustic soda and ammonium salts solutions. 

Colorless tetragonal crystals faint violet luminescence refractive index 1.378 density 3.148 g/cm Moh s hardness 6 melts at 1261°C vaporizes at 2,260°C practically insoluble in water (76 mg/L at 18°C) soluble in nitric acid slightly soluble in dilute acids and acetone insoluble in ethanol. 

Cinnabar is a red crystalline or powdery substance hexagonal crystal system refractive index 2.854 density 8.10 g/cm sublimes at 583.5°C color changes to brown at 250°C and converts to black sulfide at 386°C reverts to red color on cooling insoluble in water, alcohol and nitric acid soluble in aqua regia and solutions of alkali metal sulfides decomposed by hot concentrated sulfuric acid. 

Colorless liquid highly corrosive refractive index 1.397 at 16.5°C density 1.503 g/L freezes at -42°C boils at 83°C completely miscible with water forms a constant boiling azeotrope with water at 68.8 wt% nitric acid the azeotrope has density 1.41 g/mL and boils at 121°C. 

A bright white metal soft and ductile body-centered cubic structure index of refraction 3.03 density 5.96 g/cm melts at 1,910°C vaporizes at 3,407°C electrical resistivity, 18.1 microhm-cm at 0°C and 20.1 microhm-cm at 25°C magnetic susceptibility 1.4x10 cgs units modulus of elasticity 18-19x10 psi shear modulus 6.73xl0 psi Poisson s ratio 0.36 thermal neutron absorption cross section 5 barns/atom insoluble in water, dilute sulfuric acid, and hydrochloric acid at all concentrations soluble in nitric acid, aqua regia, and concentrated sulfuric acid insoluble in alkalies. 

The anhydrous salt yields yellowish-white crystals of density2 7-3 at 15° C. and melting point 3 1042° C. The specific heat is 4 0-0728 and the molar heat 05-4. The index of refraction is 2 2-14. It is insoluble in water, aqueous ammonia and in solutions of ammonium salts,5 and only slightly soluble in aqueous alkali or brine.6 It is decomposed when heated with hydrogen chloride,7 forming lead and arsenic chlorides, and in hot nitric acid it dissolves to form arsenic acid and lead nitrate, the latter being precipitated if the acid is sufficiently concentrated.8... 

For confirmatory purposes, the unattacked portion is separated and treated again with a few drops of fuming nitric acid—no further reaction should take place. The refractive index (which should be not less than 1-47 at 150 C.) or the refractometric degree (not less than 66 at 150 C.) of this portion is determined. 

Light Tar Oils (benzene and its homologues).—The presence of these oils, which may have D = 0-870-0-945, b.pt. 80-200° and refractive index above 1-5, exerdses a certain influence on the specific gravity, boiling point and refractive index of oil of turpentine. Their presence may also be detected by the test with nitric acid (see paragraph 10 a). 

With other solvents, e.g., oil of turpentine, pinewood oil, light mineral oils, resin, tar, shale or camphor oil, the density and boiling point may be determined and various other determinations made, such as the rotation, refractive index, solubility in aniline, behaviour towards fuming nitric acid. The special reactions of resin oil, pinewood oil, shale oil and camphor oil may also be applied. 

The method used is outlined in Ref. CE9 (Chapter 4). The capital cost estimate is adjusted to the correct plant capacity by applying a scaling index. The appropriate scaling index for nitric acid plants is 0.6 (Ref. CE9 Table 19, p.184). Therefore ... 

Cleaning of SPR glass slides (optical grade SF2, refractive index 1.65, from UQG Optical Components). Sonicator (e.g., Lucas Dawe sonication bath) and different solutions hydrochloric acid/nitric acid 3 1 v/v (solution A) ammonium cerium nitrate (1M) (solution B) sulfuric acid/hydrogen peroxide 1 1 (Piranha solution) isopropanol. Use caution in handling these solutions harmful and corrosive. 

Chemical Abstracts, Decennial Indexes, under Acid-Resistant Materials and Sealing Compositions 8)M.H.Sandler, "Second Report on the Development of a Fuming Nitric Acid Resistant Paint," AberdeenPG, Md, Project No. TB4-006D 593 32/006(1958)... 

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