Vitamin Nicotinic acid

Wehmeyer et al. (1969) published results on the content of B vitamins (thiamine, riboflavin, and nicotinic acid), vitamin C, and p-carotene and foimd that the morama bean is a good source of both B vitamins and vitamin C, but a poor source of p-carotene. Holse et al. (2010) investigated the content of the eight vitamin E isomers and found that the vitamin E composition in morama beans is dominated by y-tocopherol with 59-234 ng/g, followed by a- and p-tocopherols with 14- 8 gg/g and 1.1-3.3 ng/g, respectively. Eurthermore, traces of 8-tocopherol as well as p- and y-tocotrienols were present in some samples. The remaining two tocotrienols (a- and 8-) were not present in the beans. The presence of a-, p-, and y-tocopherols in the morama bean was also foimd by Mitei et al. (2009) who examined morama oil and by Dubois et al. (1995) who examined two samples of T.fassoglense. 

Oral 10, 20, 40 mg tablets extended release (Altoprev) 10, 20, 40, 60 mg Niacin, nicotinic acid, vitamin B3 (generic, others)... 

Lycium barbarum L. L. megistocarpum Dun. L. ovatum Loisel. L. trewianum G. Don L. turbinatum Loisel. Gou Gi, Gou Qi Zi (Ningxia wolfberry) (fruit) Betaine, zeaxanthin, physalein, carotenes, nicotinic acid, vitamin Q 33,447 Increase leukocyte count, anticancer, increase immunity, stimulation of tissue development. 

Lycium barbarum L. China Betaine, zeaxanthin, physalein, carotine, nicotinic acid, vitamin C.33 Increase leukocyte count, increase immunity, stimulate tissue development. 

Fenech, M., Baghurst, P., Luderer, W., Turner, J., Record, S., Ceppi, M., and Bonassi, S. (2005). Low intake of calcium, folate, nicotinic acid, vitamin E, retinol, beta-carotene and high intake of pantothenic acid, biotin and riboflavin are significantly associated with increased genome instability—Results from a dietary intake and micronucleus index survey in South Australia. Carcinogenesis 26, 991-999. 

Niacin or nicotinic acid (Vitamin B5) Meat, liver, cereals, legumes Pellagra. Dermatitis when exposed to sunlight, weakness, insomnia, impaired digestion, diarrhea, dementia, irritability, memory loss, headaches. 

Vitamin Bi, vitamin B2, and nicotinic acid, all of which frequently occur together in foods, were separated by TLC and fluorimetrically determined by using a commercially available fiber optic-based instrument. A fluorescent tracer (fluoresceinamine, isomer II) was used to label the nicotinic acid. Vitamin B1 was converted to fluorescent thiochrome by oxidizing with potassium ferricyanide solution in aqueous sodium hydroxide. These vitamins were separated by HPTLC on silica gel using methanol-water (70 30 vol/vol) as mobile phase. Under these conditions, the Rf values of the vitamin Bi, vitamin B2, and nicotinic acid derivatives were 0.73, 0.86, and 0.91, respectively. 

In 1955, nicotinic acid (vitamin B3, niacin) moved into the focus of research as a drug to lower cholesterol levels. The Canadian psychiatrist Abram Hoffer (1917-2009) had achieved good results with nicotinic acid in the treatment of schixophrenic patients. [369]... 

Over 40 kinds of alkaloids from tobacco have been isolated and identified. The major alkaloids from tobacco are nicotine, cotinine, nornicotine, myosmine, nicotyrine, anabasine, and anatabine. The nicotine content is highest of most of the alkaloids and nicotine (Figure 8.3) has insecticidal, detoxifying, and refreshing activities. Nicotine is also commonly used to synthesize niacin and niacinamide (key intermediates). Niacinamide (Figure 8.3) is the amide of nicotinic acid (vitamin B3/niacin), a water-soluble... 

Watson et al. 1983). Nicotine also occurs in many remotely related plants such as club mosses. This is possible since the precursor nicotinic acid (vitamin B3) is of widespread distribution in the plant family. Pure nicotine is a colourless oily alkaloid, while salts of nicotine are readily water soluble. The prime pharmacological alkaloid in tobacco is L-nicotine (0.5-10%), along with nomicotine, anabasine and nicotyrine. Structurally nicotine consists of a simple linking of pyridine and pyrollidine rings. 

Energy value Protein Fat Calcium Iron Vitamin A Thiamine Riboflavin Nicotinic acid Vitamin C Vitamin D... 

Nicotinic acid (vitamin B3), 1048 Nondestructive detection methods for carbohydrates, 499-501 Nonpolar extraction, 13 Nonpolar steroids, separation of, 974 Normal chamber RPC (N-RPC), 325-326 Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), 4,33 Nucleic acids and their derivatives, 921-969 detection general methods, 931-935 reliability, 934 sensitivity, 934... 

Figure 7.62 During roasting of coffee beans chlorogenic acids are transformed resulting in the appearance of lactones (caffeoyl quinides) and phenylindans. In addition, trigonelline is converted to nicotinic acid (vitamin 83) and methylpyridiniums. Atractyligenins contribute to the bitter taste of roasted coffee. Cafestol, kahweol and 16-O-methyl cafestol occur as fatty acyl esters in unfiltered coffee, consumption of which can result in elevated plasma LDL cholesterol.

Stereoselective additions to C=N bonds are of prime importance for the synthesis both of alkaloids and also of a host other nitrogen-containing natural products. Nature s own ability to synthesize complex alkaloids is awe-inspiring. A relatively simple example where the sequence of synthetic steps has been well elucidated is the biosynthesis of nicotine (8) from nicotinic acid (vitamin B,) [43]. As outlined in Figure 11.1, the enzyme-mediated... 

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