Nickerson

G. R. Nickerson and co-workers, M Computer Program for the Prediction of Solid Propellant Motor Peformance, Vols. 1, 2, and 3, AREPL-TR-80-34, AFRPL, Dayton, Ohio, Apr. 1981. 

This transformation results in a three-dimensional space that follows the opponent color system with +a as red, —a as green, +5 as yellow, and — b as blue. CIELAB is closely related to the older Adams-Nickerson, modified Adams-Nickerson, and other spaces of the Y,a,b type, which it replaced (1,3). 

Color Difference Assessment. Color difference scales include those of Judd-Hunter, Macadam, Adams-Nickerson, ANLAB, and ANLAB40. AH of these have limitations in some way or another they are described in most texts (1 4). Each appHes only to the precise conditions used in thek determination and interconversion is not possible. Modifications of CIELAB in the metric form such as the CMC(1 c) system (14) promise improved performance for the future. 

Color Difference Evaluation. Shade evaluation is comparable in importance to relative strength evaluation for dyes. This is of interest to both dye manufacturer and dye user for purposes of quaUty control. Objective evaluation of color differences is desirable because of the well-known variabihty of observers. A considerable number of color difference formulas that intend to transform the visually nonuniform International Commission on Illumination (CIE) tristimulus color space into a visually uniform space have been proposed over the years. Although many of them have proven to be of considerable practical value (Hunter Lab formula, Friele-MacAdam-Chickering (FMC) formula, Adams-Nickerson formula, etc), none has been found to be satisfactorily accurate for small color difference evaluation. Correlation coefficients for the correlation between average visually determined color difference values and those based on measurement and calculation with a formula are typically of a magnitude of approximately 0.7 or below. In the interest of uniformity of international usage, the CIE has proposed two color difference formulas (CIELAB and CIELUV) one of which (CIELAB) is particularly suitable for appHcation on textiles (see Color). 

Photochemical reduction. A deoxygenated aqueous solution of FMN (50 pM) containing 2mM EDTA is irradiated with a longwave UV light immediately before use (Nickerson and Strauss, 1960 Strauss and Nickerson, 1961). The reduction of FMN is accompanied by the formation of H202, which might be undesirable in some experiments. 

Wolfbeis OS, Reisfeld R, Oehme 1 (1995) Sol-Gels and Chemical Sensors. 85 51-98 Wong L-L, Westlake ACG, Nickerson DP (1997) Protein Engineering of Cytochrome P450,am. 88 175-208... 

Bouseta, A. and Collin, S. (1995). Optimized Likens-Nickerson methodology for quantif3dng honey flavours. /. Agric. Food Chem. 43,1890-1897. 

Saperstein, D. and Nickerson, J.M. (1991) Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis using PCR coupled to restriction digests. BioTechniques 10, 488-489. 

Kruglyak L, Nickerson DA. Variation is the spice of life. Nature Genet 2001 27 234-236. 

Clark AG, Weiss KM, Nickerson DA, Taylor SL, Buchanan A, Stengard J et al. Haplotype structure and population genetic inferences from nucleotide-sequence variation in human lipoprotein lipase. Am J Hum Genet 1998 63 595— 612. 

Rieder MJ, Taylor SL, Clark AG, Nickerson DA. Sequence variation in the human angiotensin converting enzyme. Nature Genet 1999 22[1] 59—62. 

The objective of antibiotic treatments is to reduce the density of microbial pathogen in infected udder tissues and thereby improve the capacity of the animal s immune system to deal with the infection. The effect of a successful antibiotic treatment is therefore self-cure of mastitis (Hamann and Kromker, 1999). However, some antibiotics (e.g. tetracycline and gentamycine) may also have negative side effects on the animal s immune response to udder infection, as they have been shown to inhibit/reduce phagocytosis of the animal s own defence cells (Nickerson et al 1986). 

J. A. Field, G. Nickerson, D. D. James, C. Heider, Determination of essential oils in hops by headspace SPME, J. Agric. Food Chem., 44, 1768 1772 (1996). 

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