Nickel storage

Strain HypB expressed Hydrogenase activity (%) Promoter activity (%) Nickel storage GTPase (per mm) Nickel binding... 

Olson JW, Maier. RJ. 2000. Dual roles of B. japonicum nickelin protein in nickel storage and GTP-dependent Ni mobilization. J Bacteriol 182 1702-5. 

Fig. 10.15, Metal vacuum systems for handling fluorine and reactive fluorides, (a) A design used extensively at Argonne National Laboratory constructed of nickel tubing and Monel valves (A) with cone joints (illustrated in Fig. 10.13) (D) nickel U-trap (E) Monel Bourden gauge (0-1000 ion) (F) 130-mL nickel reactor can (Fig. 10.17) (G) 1,500-mL nickel storage or measuring can, (H) 85-mL nickel can, (i) brass valve (K) soda-lime trap to protect vacuum pumps (L) Monel valve. (Reproduced by permission of the copyright holder, The University of Chicago Press, from Nobel Gas Compounds, H. H. Hyman (Ed.), Chicago, 1963.)...

The main current-producing reactions on the negative electrodes of alkaline nickel storage batteries can be written as... 

Design Varieties of Alkaline Nickel Storage Cells Pocket Electrodes... 

Solids materials that are insoluble in hydrocarbon or water can be entrained in the crude. These are called bottom sediments and comprise fine particles of sand, drilling mud, rock such as feldspar and gypsum, metals in the form of minerals or in their free state such as iron, copper, lead, nickel, and vanadium. The latter can come from pipeline erosion, storage tanks, valves and piping systems, etc. whatever comes in contact with the crude oil. 

Shipment, Storage, and Price. Butynediol, 35% solution, is available in tank cars, tank trailers, and dmms. Stainless steel, nickel, aluminum, glass, and various plastic and epoxy or phenoHc liners have ak been found satisfactory. Rubber hose is suitable for transferring. The solution is nonflammable and freezes at about —5°C. 

Shipment, Stora.ge, ndPrice. Butyrolactone is shipped in unlined steel tank cars and plain steel dmms. Plain steel, stainless steel, aluminum, and nickel are suitable for storage and handling mbber, phenoHcs, and epoxy resins are not suitable. Butyrolactone is hygroscopic and should be protected from moisture. Because of its low free2ing point (—44° C), no provision for heating storage vessels is needed. 

In this pyrolysis, sub atmospheric partial pressures are achieved by employing a diluent such as steam. Because of the corrosive nature of the acids (HE and HCl) formed, the reactor design should include a platinum-lined tubular reactor made of nickel to allow atmospheric pressure reactions to be mn in the presence of a diluent. Because the pyrolysate contains numerous by-products that adversely affect polymerization, the TFE must be purified. Refinement of TFE is an extremely complex process, which contributes to the high cost of the monomer. Inhibitors are added to the purified monomer to avoid polymerization during storage terpenes such as t7-limonene and terpene B are effective (10). 

Storage. For receiving glycerol from standard 30.3-m (8000-gal) tank cars (36.3-t), a storage tank of 38—45-m ((10-12) x 10 — gal) capacity should be employed. Preferably it should be of stainless steel (304 or 316), of stainless- or nickel-clad steel, or of aluminum. Certain resin linings such as Lithcote have also been used. Glycerol does not seriously corrode steel tanks at room temperature but gradually absorbed moisture may have an effect. Therefore, tanks should be sealed with an air-breather trap. 

Hydrogen-storage alloys (18,19) are commercially available from several companies in the United States, Japan, and Europe. A commercial use has been developed in rechargeable nickel—metal hydride batteries which are superior to nickel—cadmium batteries by virtue of improved capacity and elimination of the toxic metal cadmium (see BATTERIES, SECONDARYCELLS-ALKALINe). Other uses are expected to develop in nonpolluting internal combustion engines and fuel cells (qv), heat pumps and refrigerators, and electric utility peak-load shaving. 

When nickel hydroxide is oxidized at the nickel electrode in alkaline storage batteries the black trivalent gelatinous nickel hydroxide oxide [12026-04-9], Ni(0H)0, is formed. In nickel battery technology, nickel hydroxide oxide is known as the nickel active mass (see Batteries, secondary cells). Nickel hydroxide nitrate [56171-41-6], Ni(0H)N02, and nickel chloride hydroxide [25965-88-2], NiCl(OH), are frequently mentioned as intermediates for the production of nickel powder in aqueous solution. The binding energies for these compounds have been studied (55). 

Storage. Phenol is shipped in dmms, tank tmcks, and tank cars. It is loaded and shipped at elevated temperatures as a bulk Hquid. In storage, phenol may acquire a yeUow, pink, or brown discoloration which makes it unusable for some purposes. The discoloration is promoted by the action of water, light, air, and catalysts, eg, traces of iron or copper. When stored as a solid in the original dmm or in nickel, glass-lined, or tanks lined with baked phenolic resin, phenol remains colorless for a number of weeks. 

Shipment, Stora.ge, ndPrice. l-Methyl-2-pyrrohdinone is available in tank cars or tank trailers as well as in dmms. Shipping containers are normally of unlined steel. Rubber hose is unsuitable for handling standard steel pipe or braided steel hose is acceptable. Ordinarily 1020 carbon steel (0550) is satisfactory as a storage material. Stainless-steel 304 and 316, nickel, and aluminum are also suitable. MethylpyrroHdinone is hygroscopic and must be protected from atmospheric moisture. In September 1994, NMP was Hsted at 3.89/kg. 

Shipment and Storage. Much of the trichloromethanesulfenyl chloride produced is used captively. However, it can be shipped in dmms. Standard materials for storage and handling are nickel. Monel, and glass. Trichloromethanesulfenyl chloride is not corrosive to nickel and Monel when dry, but cate must be taken to prevent its contact with moisture. 

Eor many polymeri2ations, MEHQ need not be removed instead, polymeri2ation initiators are added. Vinyhdene chloride from which the inhibitor has been removed should be refrigerated in the dark at —10° C, under a nitrogen atmosphere, and in a nickel-lined or baked phenolic-lined storage tank. If not used within one day, it should be reinhibited. 

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