Nickel doping

Conceptually elegant, the SOFC nonetheless contains inherently expensive materials, such as an electrolyte made from zirconium dioxide stabilized with yttrium oxide, a strontium-doped lanthanum man-gaiiite cathode, and a nickel-doped stabilized zirconia anode. Moreover, no low-cost fabrication methods have yet been devised. 

T.R. Jensen, A. Andreasen, T. Vegge, J.W. Andreasen, K. Stahl, A.S. Pedersen, M.M. Nielsen, A.M. Molenbroek, F. Besebbacher, Dehydrogenation kinetics of pure and nickel-doped magnesium hydride investigated by in situ time - resolved powder X-ray diffraction, Int. J. Hyd. Ener. 31 (2006) 2052-2062. 

A more recent innovation has been the development of nickel-doped forms of magnesium hydroxide, which are claimed to have superior fire-retardant properties.4... 

A.S. Wagh and S.Y. Jeong, Chemically bonded phospho-silicate ceramics, U.S. Patent No. 6,518,212, 2003. P. Sivaprasad, K. Ramesh, and Y.P. Reddy, Optical absorption spectrum of nickel doped MgKP04-6H20, Solid State Commun., 73 [3] (1990) 239-241. 

D. N. Mcllroy, Nickel Doping of Boron-Carbon Alloy Films and Corresponding Fermi Level Shifts, Journal of Vacuum Science Technology, V0I.AI5, 1997, pp.854-859. 

In all cases the most selective catalyst was Raney Nickel doped with thiourea which gave a hydrogenation selectivity up to 99 % without forming azo and azoxy compounds (< 10 ppm). 

Tessier, P. and Akiba, E. (2000) Decomposition of nickel-doped magnesium hydride prepared by reactive mechanical alloying. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 302, 215-217. 

Despite the linear relation between the composition of the feedstock and that of the deposited flhns, it can be noted that the concentration of nickel doping in the deposited films was lower than that of the liquid feedstock. This effect might be justified either by a selective depletion of the nickel precursor during the transport or by its lower sticking coefficient on the surface of the substrate at the deposition temperature. The IR analyses of the deposited NixCo3.x04 (0 < x < 1) films, not shown, revealed their spinel structure, and a shift of the characteristic vibration bands indicated the incorporation of nickel into the spinel lattice. Further evidence about the controlled incorporation of nickel into the lattice of cobalt oxide can be drawn from conductivity measurements. Fig. 5b shows a substantial increase in conductivity as a function of the concentration of nickel incorporated into the film. The formation of a secondary phase should be expressed by a discontinuity, which is clearly absent in the investigated range of conditions. 

This would then explain the lack of magnetic ordering. The hydrogen occupies the octahedral sites in the face-centred cubic lattice. The Mossbauer spectrum (Fig. 12.7) of a sample of nickel doped with Co which has been... 

Di Felice, L., Courson, C., Foscolo, P.U. and Kiennemann, A. (2011) Iron and nickel doped alkaline-earth catalysts for biomass gasification with simultaneous tar reformation and CO2 capture. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 36, 5296-5310. 

Figure 23.3 shows the X-ray diffraction patterns for the LiNi n2 04 compounds. The samples were identified as a single-phase spinel until x was 0.3. When the X value was 0.5, there were some other peaks that corresponded to NiO (see Fig. 23.3e). It means that the nickel-doped substituted spinel structure cannot form perfectly solid solutions when x is 0.5. It may be very difficult to prepare the nickel-doped substituted spinel by the solid-state reaction. The NiO peak of LiNi n2 04 sample, which was prepared by the conventional method, was always observed and it could be removed through several recalcination processes at the high temperature. The NiO peak appeared slightly when the X value was only 0.5 in our research and this peak was weak. Our preparation method was more effective than the conventional solid-state method used to synthesize homogeneous metal-doped manganese-substituted spinel.

Kim K. J., Lee J. H. Effects of nickel doping on structural and optical properties of spinel lithium manganate thin films. Solid State Commun. 2007,141,99-103. 

Wilson-Kubalek et al. also produced specifically and nonspecifically functionalized unilamellar lipid tubules by using mixtures of a tubule-forming galactosylceramide and various charged or derivatized lipids [166]. Thus, nickel-doped lipids allowed the helical crystallization of histidine-tagged proteins. The authors also reproduced the helical crystallization of streptavidin. They even obtained helical arrays of relatively small proteins, such as actin and annexin, as well as large macromolecules, such as RNA polymerase (Fig. 21). 

Fu R, Baumann T, Cronin S, Dresselhaus G, Dresselhaus M, Satcher J (2005) Formation of graphitic structures in cobalt - and nickel - doped carbon aerogels. Langmuir 21 2647-2651. 

Esquivel K, Garcia MG, Rodriguez F, Ortiz-Frade L, Godinez L (2013) Study of the photo-electrochemical activity of cobalt- and nickel doped Ti02 photoanodes for the treatment of a dye-contaminated aqueous solution. Journal of Applied Electrochemistry 43 433 0... 

Nonetheless, these are only snapshots at selected points. To capture elemental and valence distribution in a representative area/volume a rapid measurement technique is essential. The authors have recently made use of the ultrafast scanning setup available at P06, DESY, Hamburg to investigate elemental distribution on the electrode level of nickel doped manganese spinel full cells after cycling [70]. 

Sun YK, Oh SW, Yoon CS, Bang FU, Prakash J (2006) Effect of sulfur and nickel doping on morphology and electrochemical performance of LLNio.5Mni.504- S spinel material in 3-V region. J Power Sour 161 19-26... 

S. D. Sharma, D. Singh, K. Saini, C. Kant, V. Sharma, S. C. Jain, and C. P. Sharma, Sol-Gel Derived Super-HydtophUic Nickel Doped Ti02 Film as an Active Photocatalyst, Appl Catal. A, 314,40-46 (2006). 

B) Extrapolated spectrum for T centers (curve 1) compared with 100% KCl spectrum (curve 2) extrapolated to 526°C. (C) Extrapolated spectrum for O centers (curve 1) compared with the spectrum of nickel-doped KMgCU at 490°C. - (Reproduced by permission from J. Chem. Phys.)... 

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