Diabetes mellitus niacin

Uncommon causes of diabetes (1% to 2% of cases) include endocrine disorders (e.g., acromegaly, Cushing s syndrome), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), diseases of the exocrine pancreas (e.g., pancreatitis), and medications (e.g., glucocorticoids, pentamidine, niacin, and a-interferon). 

Zea mays L. Yu Mi Xu (Corn) (leaf, flower, root, seed) Carbohydrate, beta-carotene, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, ascorbic acid.50 For dropsy, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, epistaxis, menorrhagia, cancers, tumors, warts. 

The European Health Food Manufacturers Federation restricts over-the-counter supplements to 500 mg per day (Shrimpton, 1997). Where niacin is being used to treat clinically significant hyperlipidemia, and in trials for the prevention of type I diabetes mellitus, a tentative upper limit has been set at 3 g per day (Knip et al., 2000). 

Niacin is a nutritional supplement used during periods of deficiency known as pellagra and for the treatment of dyslipidemia. Niacin needs may increase during chronic illness such as diabetes mellitus, malignancy, metabolic diseases, hyperthyroidism, infections, chronic fever, alcoholism, and during pregnancy and lactation. 

In patients with diabetes mellitus, niacin should be used cautiously, since niacin-induced insulin resistance can cause severe hyperglycemia. Niacin use in patients with diabetes mellitus often mandates a change to insulin therapy. If niacin is prescribed for patients with known or suspected diabetes, blood glucose levels should be monitored at least weekly until proven to be stable. Niacin also elevates uric acid levels a history of gout is a relative contraindication for niacin use. Rarer reversible side effects include toxic amblyopia and toxic maculopathy. Atrial tachyarrhythmias and atrial fibrillation have been reported, more commonly in elderly patients. Niacin, at doses used in humans, has been associated with birth defects in animal models and should not be taken by pregnant women. 

Contraindications Thiamine patients with renal dysfunction Riboflavin patients with renal dysfunction Niacin or nicotinic acid hypersensitivity to niacin or tartrazine active peptic ulcer, severe hypotension, hepatic dysfunction, arterial hemorrhaging Caution diabetes mellitus, gallbladder disease, gout, history of jaundice or Uver disease. Pyridoxine IV therapy in cardiac patients Caution megadosage in pregnancy... 

Libby, A., Meier, J., Lopez, J., Swislocki, A.L., and Siegel, D., 2010. The effect of body mass index on fasting blood glucose and development of diabetes mellitus after initiation of extended-release niacin. Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders. 8 79 84. 

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