Neuroimaging data

Neuroimaging data indicating VNS alters metabolism in the limbic system... 

In addition to the high-level descriptive data of the study, meta-data characterization for, and pointers to, all neuroimaging data and time series are represented in the database in order to facilitate the broadest possible space over which accurate but efficient searches can be made. 

Tononi, G., McIntosh, A., Russel, D., Edelman, G. Functional clustering identifying strongly interactive brain regions in neuroimaging data. Neuroimage 7,133-149 (1998)... 

Since functional outcome and risk of recurrent stroke are, in part, predictable based on the pathophysiologic subtype of stroke, the ability to accurately classify patients based on emergency clinical and imaging data would provide valuable predictive information. Unfortunately, misclassifications of stroke subtypes based on clinical data and a noncontrast CT scan are common. The final subtyping of stroke is made with all available clinical data, but is heavily influenced by neuroimaging studies that identify the location, size, and vascular distribution of the infarct, or that establish that the arteries supplying the region of stroke are stenotic or occluded. 

In this chapter we review extant data on the neurobiology of unipolar and bipolar depressive disorders in children and adolescents. A complement to two recent reviews (Kaufman and Ryan, 1999 Kaufman et ah, 2001), this chapter places primary emphasis on those studies in which neuroimaging techniques have been used. Unfortunately, such studies are few and far between. Preclinical models that have guided research on the neurobiology of affective disorders in adults are discussed, and, given the limits in the application of these models to juvenile samples, especially in the case of unipolar disorder, the need for more developmentally focused preclinical work is emphasized. 

Table 10.1 summarizes the results of available pediatric neuroimaging studies in depressed patients. Given the limited amount of available data, published papers and professional presentations are reviewed. Two of the eight studies included seven or fewer depressed subjects, and two had no normal control comparisons. Results from the three largest-scale studies suggest that there are some neuroanatomical correlates of depression that may be evident across the life cycle (e.g., frontal lobe and amygdala volume changes), and others... 

Whilst the practicality of MRI as a neuroimaging tool for hyperacute stroke has been questioned in the past, there is now substantial data demonstrating its feasibility and practicality (Powers 2000 Powers and Zivin 1998). Current stroke MRI protocols take 15-20 min to perform (total table time) and are part of the routine stroke workup in many academic centres (Kidwell et al. 2000 Parsons... 

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