Neural elements, coupling

The local dynamics of tire systems considered tluis far has been eitlier steady or oscillatory. However, we may consider reaction-diffusion media where tire local reaction rates give rise to chaotic temporal behaviour of tire sort discussed earlier. Diffusional coupling of such local chaotic elements can lead to new types of spatio-temporal periodic and chaotic states. It is possible to find phase-synchronized states in such systems where tire amplitude varies chaotically from site to site in tire medium whilst a suitably defined phase is synclironized tliroughout tire medium 51. Such phase synclironization may play a role in layered neural networks and perceptive processes in mammals. Somewhat suriDrisingly, even when tire local dynamics is chaotic, tire system may support spiral waves... 

L. Ralbinot, P. Smichowski, S. Farias, M. A. Z. Arruda, C. Vodopivez and R. J. Poppi, Classification of Antarctic algae by applying Kohonen neural network with 14 elements determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry, Spectrochim. Acta, Part B, 60(5), 2005, 725-730. 

Coupled closely with each network architecture is its training method. Training (or as it is sometimes called, learning) is a means of adjusting the connections between elements in a neural network in response to input data so that a given task can be performed. A... 

There may be an additional value in studying spatio-temporal chemical turbulence, in connection with its possible relevance to some biological problems. This is expected from the fact that the fields of coupled limit cycle oscillators (or nonoscillating elements with latent oscillatory nature) are often met in living systems. In some cases, such systems show orderly wavelike activities much the same as those observed in the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction. There seems to be no reason why we should not expect such organized motion to become unstable and hence show turbulent behavior. The recent work by Ermentrout (1982) who derived a Ginzburg-Landau type equation for neural field seems to be of particular interest in this connection. 

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