Nervous System Glycolipids

GICA-3-SO4 Various nervous system glycolipids and glycoproteins(NCAM, MAG, LI, PO), essential feature of HNK-I epitope [60]... 

Cell membranes. Lipids, particularly the phospholipids, glycolipids, and cholesterol, are important cell membrane components throughout the body. Sphingomyelin, cerebrosides, and gangliosides are particularly important cell membrane constituents in the nervous system. 

Glucosyl ceramide (GLia) GlcjSl Cer Major neutral glycolipid in central nervous system... 

Lipids occurring in plant and animal materials consist of structural lipids, which build the cell membranes, and depot fats. The cell and organelle membranes of animal organisms are made of phospholipids and non-esterified cholesterol, whereas in plants they consist of phospholipids and glycolipids. The latter are also found in the central nervous systems of some animals. If a muscle tissue like that in lean fish contains only 0.3% w/w of lipids, they consist almost entirely (90%) of phospholipids. Galactoglycerols and phospholipids serve as important factors in nutrient and antioxidant delivery systems (Herslof, 2000). 

Medicine. In humans and animals AdoCbl is the coenzyme of methylmalonyl CoA-mutase that catalyzes the isomerization of methyl-malonyl-CoA into succinyl-CoA (in propionibacteria this reaction runs in the opposite direction). The reaction is linked with the catabolism of amino acids and lipids. If the activity of methylmalonyl CoA-mutase is blocked, the catabolism of some amino acids, fatty acids and thymine is inhibited (Fig. 7.1). Intracellular levels of methylmalonyl-CoA and propionyl-CoA are increased and may affect fatty acids synthesis. In some cases, an increase in the content of C15 and Cn odd-numbered fatty acids and branched-chain fatty acids in glycolipids of the nervous system is observed (Kishimoto et al., 1973). 

Other compound lipids include the sphingolipids or sphingomyelins and the glycolipids or cerebrosides, which are found chiefly in the nervous system. The plasmalogens comprise a considerable proportion of the total phospholipids of muscle. 

Antigenic properties of S3nithetic protein complexes with glycolipids and related substances. Abstract, American Oil Chemists Society Symposium on Glycolipids and the Nervous System 1965. 

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