Near Infrared Mapping Spectrometer

McCord TB, Hansen GB, Fanale FP, Carlson RW, Matson DL, Johnson TV, Smythe WD, Crowley JK, Martin PD, Ocampo A, Hibbitts C A, Granahan JC, NIMS Team (1998) Salts on Europa s surface detected by Galileo s near infrared mapping spectrometer. Science 280 1242-1245... 

Hydrated salt minerals on Europa s surface from the Galileo near-infrared mapping spectrometer (NIMS) investigation. J. Geophys. Res. Planets 104, 11827-11851. 

Aptaker, I. M. (1987). A Near Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (NIMS) for investigation of Jupiter and its satellites. In Imaging Spectroscopy II, ed. G. Vane. SPIE Proceedings, 834, 196, Bellingham, Washington. 

Carlson, R. W., Weissman, R R., Smythe, W. D., Mahoney, J. C., the NIMS Science and Engineering Teams (1992). Near-Infrared Mapping Spectrometer experiment on Galileo. Space Science Review, 60,457-502. 

McCord, T. B. Hansen, G. H., Hibbitts, C., Carlson, R. W., Smythe, W., Matson, D. L., Johnson, T. V., Clark, R. M., Granahan, J., Fanale, F., Segura, M., the NIMS team (1997ft). Analysis of Near-Infrared Mapping Spectrometer reflectance spectra for the icy Galilean satellites. Meteoritics Planetary Science, 32(4) Supplement, A86-7. 

Measurements of the gaseous sulfur dioxide released were obtained with the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS Krueger, 1983) and with the Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet Spectrometer (SBUV Heath et d., 1983), both carried on the Nimbus 7 satellite. Three instruments on board the Solar Mesosphere Explorer (SME) also revealed features of the cloud the Infrared Radiometer measured the thermal emission from the aerosols, while the Visible and Near Infrared Spectrometers measured the backscat-tered solar radiation. The three instruments are limbscanning and view the atmosphere along the track of the sunsynchronous polar orbit (Barth et d., 1983 Thomas et d., 1983). Ground based and airborne spectro-photometric measurements of sulfur dioxide have also been carried out (Evans and Kerr, 1983). 

For Raman microscopy, the most common spectrometer system consists of a visible laser coupled to a polychromator and a CCD detector, although near-infrared Fourier transform spectrometers cffe also used. The CCD detector can be used in a variation of Raman microscopy known as Raman imaging a special optical filter allows only one Stokes fine to reach the two-dimensional detector, which then contains a map of the distribution of the intensity of that line in the illuminated area. 

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