Nanowires electrospinning

Attout A, Yunus S, Bertrand P (2008) Electrospinning and alignment of polyaniline-based nanowires and nanotubes. Polym Eng Sci 48(9) 1661—1666... 

One-dimensional (1-D) nanosbuctures (b) are composed mainly of nanowires, nanorods and nanobelts. Spontaneous growth, template-based synthesis and electrospinning are considered bottom-up approaches, while lithography is a top-down technique [7, 84]. Two-dimensional (2-D) nanostructures (c) involve thin films, which have been the object of intensive study for almost a century and for which many methods have been developed and improved. 

There are many experimental techniques for the preparation of nanowires from the liquid phase. A considerable research effort has been expended in developing template-free methods for the deposition of one-dimensional nanostructures in a liquid environment the most important procedures are hydrothermal methods, electrospinning,sonochemical and surfactant assisted. 

Extremely low-dimensional conducting nanowires (as small as 3 nm in diameter) for use in nanoelectronics can be produced with the electrospinning technique [103]. Using template methods, insulating PLA fibers with an average diameter of 200-700 nm as core materials were electrospun and subsequently coated with thin 50-100 nm films of polyaniline or polypyrrole by in situ polymer deposition methods. The PLA core fibers decompose upon relatively mild thermal treatment under inert atmosphere, leaving... 

R. Rojas and N. J. Pinto, Using electrospinning for the fabrication of rapid response gas sensors based on conducting polymer nanowires. Sens. J., IEEE, 8, 951-953 (2008). 

NFs acted as an oxidant to oxidatively polymerize aniline. Consequently, Mn O was completely consumed while PANl/TiO -NFs were formed. Composite fiber film having a PANI nanowire-on-TiO nano/microfiber hierarchical nano/microstructure was fabricated by electrospinning, calcinations and in situ polymerization [121], The photocatalytic electrodeposition of PANI in nanotubular TiO host matrice was recently reported by Janaky ef a/. [ 108]. TiO films were initially electrosynthesized on titanium foil by anodization at different voltages in fluoride-containing aqueous media, and then the PANI was electrografted onto the entire surface of... 

PPy Nanowires and Nanohbrils PPy Nanotubes PPy Nanocomposites PPy Fiber Spun by Electrospinning... 

Recently, there have been some attempts to prepare PPV nanowires and nanotubes by electrospinning [380-382]. Electrospim nanofiber consisted of a binary blend of poly[2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-p-phenylenevinylene] (MEH-PPV) with regioregular P3HT or poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene) [380]. The resultant nanofiber was found to have the diameter of ca. 100-500 nm with tunable optical and charge transport properties. In this manner, electro-spiiming has been a powerful technique to fabricate polymer, ceramic and inorganic nanowire. Nanotubular structiu e and coaxial nanowire composite could be also fabricated with blend of soluble core and insoluble wall material by the electrospinning method. 

Bashouti M, SalaUia W, Brumer M, Zussman E, Lifshitz E (2006) Alignment of colloidal cds nanowires embedded in polymer nanofibers by electrospinning. ChemPhysChem 7 102-106... 

Therefore, both basic and acidic analytes can be successfully detected by PANi films and nanofibers. This was illustrated by the PANi-PEO blend nanofiber (or nanowire) device described by Liu et al. (2004). Nanofibers made by scanned-tip electrospinning of a droplet of the blend solution were deposited across a pair of gold electrodes. The spinning solution of the polymer blend was doped with 10-camphosulfonic acid (CSA). The resulting nanowire detector of protonated PANi nanofibers reacts with NH3, changing its electrical resistance (Fig. 8.6) and displayed a threshold detection of 0.5 ppm of NH3. In the figure, normalized resistance [(R/Ro) — 1] is plotted as a function of the analyte concentration. 

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