Spray nanotube

For the chromatographic column, flow of solution from the narrow inlet tube into the ionization/desolvation region is measured in terms of only a few microliters per minute. Under these circumstances, spraying becomes very easy by application of a high electrical potential of about 3-4 kV to the end of the nanotube. Similarly, spraying from any narrow capillary is also possible. The ions formed as part of the spraying process follow Z-shaped trajectories, as discussed below. 

Liu W, Zhang X, Xu G, Bradford PD, Wang X, Zhao H, et al. Producing superior composites by winding carbon nanotubes onto a mandrel under a poly(vinyl alcohol) spray. Carbon. 2011 Nov 49(14) 4786-91. 

The various methods of preparation employed to prepare nanoscale clusters include evaporation in inert-gas atmosphere, laser pyrolysis, sputtering techniques, mechanical grinding, plasma techniques and chemical methods (Hadjipanyas Siegel, 1994). In Table 3.5, we list typical materials prepared by inert-gas evaporation, sputtering and chemical methods. Nanoparticles of oxide materials can be prepared by the oxidation of fine metal particles, by spray techniques, by precipitation methods (involving the adjustment of reaction conditions, pH etc) or by the sol-gel method. Nanomaterials based on carbon nanotubes (see Chapter 1) have been prepared. For example, nanorods of metal carbides can be made by the reaction of volatile oxides or halides with the nanotubes (Dai et al., 1995). 

Kamalakaran, R., Lupo, F., Grobert, N., Lozano-Castello, D., Jin-Phillipp, N. Y. and Ruhle, M., In-situ formation of carbon nanotubes in an alumina-nanotube composite by spray pyrolysis , Carbon, 2003, 41, 2737-2741. 

Metal nanowires are obtained in good yields by the nebulized spray pyrolysis of a methanolic solution of metal acetates.165 This method has been employed for the synthesis of single-crystalline nanowires of zinc, cadmium and lead (see Fig. IS). The nanowires seem to grow by the vapour-solid mechanism. ZnO nanotubes... 

Tercero, J.E., Namin, S., Lahiri, D., Balani, K., Tsoukias, N., and Agarwal, A. (2009) Effect of carbon nanotube and aluminum oxide addition to plasma-sprayed hydroxyapatite coating s mechanical properties and biocompatibility. Mater. Sci. Eng. C, 29 (7), 2195-2202. 

The superior conductivity of separated metallic SWNTs was also verified in the transparent conductive PEDOTiPSS composites. A suspension of the separated metallic SWNTs or the pre-separation nanotube mixture in DMSO was mixed with aqueous PEDOTiPSS for spray coating on to glass substrate. 

The thickness of the composite films reflected by transmittance was controlled by spraying different volumes of nanotube suspension. Again, the composite films with enriched metallic SWNTs were consistently and substantially more conductive than those with non-separated SWNTs (and both better than the films with neat PEDOT PSS, Figure 6.8). ... 

Balani K, Anderson R, Laha T, Andara M, Tercero J, Crumpler E, et al. Plasma-sprayed carbon nanotube reinforced hydroxyapatite coatings and their interaction with human osteoblasts in vitro. Biomaterials 2007 28 618-24. 

Ramasamy E, Lee WJ, Lee DY, Song JS. Spray coated mnlti-waU carbon nanotube counter electrode for tri-iodide rednction in dye-sensitized solar cells. Electrochem Commnn 2008 10 1087-9. 

Terrado E, Redrado M, Munoz E, Maser WK, Beiuto AM, Martinez MT. Carbon nanotube growth on cobalt-sprayed substrates by thermal CVD. Mater Sci Eng C 2006 26 1185-8. 

Experimental design and performance analysis of alumina coatings deposited by a detonation spray process Adjustment of the band gap energies of biostabilized CdS nanoparticles by application of statistical DoE Experimental design and optimization of dispersion process for single-walled carbon nanotube bucky paper... 

Single wall carbon nanotube (SWNT) network sensors were prepared as previously described (7-9). The carbon nanotube network (CNN) sensors were spray coated with a 0.1% by weight solution of polymer to a thickness of approximately 100 nm. These CNN sensors can be monitored simultaneously in capacitive and resistive mode. The capacitance was measured by applying a 0.1 V, 30 kHz, AC voltage between a conducting Si substrate and a S T network deposited on a thermal SiOa layer. The induced AC current was measured using a Stanford Research Systems SR830 lock-in amplifier. 

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