Nanotube intercalation compounds

Research in graphite intercalates has paved the way for significant current interest in intercalation compounds of the fullerenes (Box 7.1) and carbon nanotubes, which represent wrapped up versions of graphite sheets. Graphite intercalation compounds have been prepared with intercalated fullerenes and nanotubes. We will return to carbon nanotube chemistry in Chapter 15. 

NEW ALLOTROPES OF CARBON GRAPHITE INTERCALATION COMPOUNDS, FULLERENES, FULLEROIDS, CARBON NANOTUBES, PEAPODS, AND GRAPHENE... 

Intercalation Compounds and Endohedral Functionalization of Carbon Nanotubes... 

Measurements on graphite intercalation compounds (GICs), fullerene compounds, nanotubes, and related materials Studies of lithium/carbon-containing ceramics derived from pyrolysis of organic polymer precursors... 

Many samples are unstable in air. Examples of air-sensitive compounds are alkali metal intercalated C60, carbon nanotubes, and graphite, which are... 

In the second class of intercalation reaction, gnest species are encapsnlated inside individnal single-walled nanotubes rather than between them. Gnest compounds are introdnced into the nanotubes by capillary filling with molten salts and crystals are formed that have structures typically with different coordination enviromnents compared to the bulk. Metal halides have been studied in most detail though several examples of inorganic oxides have also been reported. 

Although there are numerous families of lamellar solids, only a handful of them exhibit the kind of versatile intercalation chemistry that forms the basis of this book. In arriving at the content of this volume, the editors have accurately identified six classes of versatile layered compounds that are at the forefront of materials intercalation chemistry, namely, smectite clays, zirconium phosphates and phos-phonates, layered double hydroxides (known informally as hydrotalcites or anionic clays ), layered manganese oxides, layered metal chalcogenides, and lamellar alkali silicates and silicic acids. Graphite and carbon nanotubes have not been included, in part because this specialty area of intercalation chemistry is limited to one or two molecular layers of comparatively small guest species that are capable of undergoing electron transfCT reactions with the host structure. 

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