Nanostructured cathode materials

Another route to nanostructured cathode materials is to tune the morphology of the solid as occurs in the synthesis of aerogels. These high surface area materials have a large pore volume and exhibit lithium capacities much higher than... 

Wang, Y., and Cao, G. (2008). Developments in nanostructured cathode materials for high-performance lithium-ion batteries. Adv. Mater, 20(12) pp. 2251-2269. 

Nanostructured aluminum [74—78], iron [74] and aluminum-manganese alloys [74] have been prepared from a Lewis acid A1Q3/[BMIM]Q mixture (65 mol% AICI3, 35 mol% [BMIMJC1) whereas palladium alloys have been deposited from a Lewis basic system (45 mol% Aid , 55 mol% [BMIMJC1). The electrochemical cell and all parts which are in contact with the electrolyte have to be built from inert materials. As cathode material glassy carbon can be used. A constant ion concentration in the electrolyte can be realized by the use of a sacrificial anode consisting of the... 

Taniguchi, I., and Bakenov, Z. 2005. Spray pyrolysis synthesis of nanostructured LiFe, Mn2/),i cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries. Powder Technology 159, 55-62. 

Due to the enhanced conductivity and consequent improved electrochemical performance, the cathode materials of conjugated polymers/ inorganic have attracted much attention in a wide range, and some novel nanostructures have been recently proposed. Mai et al. reported the preparation of coaxial or triaxial nanowires of MoO and AgVO coated with conducting PTh or PANI based on the in situ polymerization method [29,76], and the capacity retention rates were significantly enhanced due... 

Compared to their anodic partners, there are considerably fewer studies concerning cathodic electrode materials it is probably attributable to the fact that cathodic materials are typically complex oxides. The synthesis of nanostructured primary units and ciystallographic alignment of complex oxides are understandably more challenging and difficult to control. Specifically, it is common for cathodic materials to contain lithium in the as-prepared state. Provided the qualities of lithium, its stoichiometry under most synthetic processing methods is problematic to govern. 

Liu Y, Uchaker E, Zhou N, Li J, Zhang Q, Cao G (2012) Facile synthesis of nanostructured vanadium oxide as cathode materials for efficient Li-ion batteries. J Mater Chem 22 (46) 24439-24445. doi 10.1039/e2jm34078j... 

The liquid metal Galinstan (composed of Ga, In, and Sn in approximate percentages of 68%, 21% and 10%, respectively) is reported to have % = 3—4 x lO S cm at room temperature, and a work function around 4.1. 4 eV, which make it a good cathode material for injecting electrodes into organic semiconductors. For these reasons, and for its liquid phase at room temperature, it may be an excellent choice for use in electrospinning processes and in combination with other techniques for the production of self-contacted, electrically excitable polymer nanostructures. 

Prof. Jun Chen and coworkers at Nankai University revealed that nanostructured a-CuV20e are promising cathode materials in primary lithium battery. In their study, the a-CuV20e nanowires could exhibit a high discharge capacity of 514 mAh g (20 mA g and 37 °C) and a low activation energy of 39.3-35.7 kJ moU ... 

Both academia and industry have been creative in the formulation, synthesis, processing, and integration of nanostructured anode and cathode materials. Performance optimization involves smart... 

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