Nanoscale particles, materials systems based

The advent of a new class of materials systems based on nanoscale particles dispersed or suspended in carrier and/or binders has captured the attention of the microelectronics technical community. These materials provide the opportunity to use inexpensive solution processing equipment versus expensive vacuum deposition equipment commonly used in the microelectronics manufacturing industry. Experts in the microelectronics industry have suggested that over the course of the next live years, the industry will experience a paradigm shift in manufacturing and, more importantly, will enjoy revenue streams created from never-before-seen products based on printed electronics. 

We find that a layer model analysis can adequately describe the Pt NMR spectrum of nanoscale electrode materials. The shifts of the surface and sub-surface peaks of Pt NMR spectra correlate well with the electronegativity of various adsorbates, while the Knight shift of the adsorbate varies linearly with the f-LDOS of the clean metal surface. The Pt NMR response of Pt atoms from the innermost layers of the nanoparticles does not show any influence of the adsorbate present on the surface. This provides experimental evidence, which extends the applicability of the Friedel-Heine invariance theorem to the case of metal nanoparticles. Further, a spatially-resolved oscillation in the s-like E( -LDOS was observed via Pt NMR of a carbon-supported Pt catalyst sample. The data indicate that much of the observed broadening of the bulk-like peak in Pt NMR spectra of such systems can be attributed to spatial variations of the A( f). The oscillatory variation in A(A) beyond 0.4 nm indicates that the influence of the metal surface goes at least three layers inside the particles, in contrast to the predictions based on the Tellium model. 

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