Nanoscale materials nanoribbons

Finite size effects play a central role in dictating the electronic properties of materials at the nanoscale. Due to their unique electronic structure, quasi-zero-dimensional (quantum dots) graphitic structures may exhibit fascinating physical phenomena, which are absent in their quasi-one-dimensional (nanowires, nanotubes, and nanoribbons) coimterparts. Many factors govern the effect of reduced dimensions on the electronic properties of nanoscale materials. Here we focus on two such important factors, which are strongly manifested in the electronic characteristics of graphitic materials, namely, quantum confinement and edge effects ... 

One-dimensional nanostructured polymer composite materials include nanowires, nanorods, nanotubes, nanobelts, and nanoribbons. Compared to the other three dimensions, the first characteristic of one-dimensional nanostructure is its smaller dimension structure and high aspect ratio, which could efficiently transport electrical carriers along one controllable direction, thus is highly suitable for moving charges in integrated nanoscale systems (Tran et al., 2009). The second characteristic of one-dimensional nanostructure is its device function, which can be exploited as device elements in many kinds of nanodevices. With a rational synthetic design, nanostructures with different diameters/... 

Nanomaterials can be classified as zero- (OD), one- (ID) and two-dimensional (2D) materials based on their size. OD nanomaterials are composed of a limited number of atoms (usually under 100). They are nanomaterials that have all the dimensions (x-y-z) in the nanoscale. ID nanomaterials have a large aspect ratio and have at least one dimension greater than nanoscale (for instance nanotubes with diameter in nanoscale and length on the micron scale). 2D nanomaterials have at least two dimensions on the micron scale, for instance, nanoplatelets and nanoribbons with length, breadth, or diameter on the micron scale. 2D nanomaterials are generally sheets, ribbons, or platelets with a nanoscale thickness (z). 

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