Nanoreactors homogeneous catalysis

Several approaches have recently been developed that directly apply natural architectures for artificial chanical reactions, some of which are detailed in different chapters of this book. Although not classified as homogeneous catalysis, the reduction of metal salts inside nanoreactors could be the first step on the way to reactivity with the corresponding metal coUoids or nanoparticles in e.g. hydrogenation reactions. A variety of carrier systems have been studied lately, including virus capsids, polymeric micelles, miniemulsions and hollow core-shell particles, as nanoreactors and hosts for the synthesis and encapsnlation of well-defined, stable nanoparticles. ... 

Functionalised dendrimers permit exploitation of the advantages of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. Their spheroid architecture facilitates better recovery than comparable catalysts on polymer supports. They are distinctly easier to separate from the reaction mixture because the catalytic dendrimer molecules are larger than those of the resulting product. This attribute makes the dendrimers attractive as nanoreactors . 

A catalyticaUy active metal colloid can be buried inside an emulsion droplet. So the reactants have to pass the emulsion shell to reach the interior, thereby turning polymer-metal hybrid materials into a nanoreactor. Because they can be dissolved in organic solvents due to their polymeric shell, these hybrid particles combine the advantages of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. At the same time, catalyst recovery can be done straightforwardly by ultrafiltration or precipitation in poor solvents of the polymer. 

Catalysis in Porous-Material-Based Nanoreactors a Bridge between Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis... 

We reviewed the recent research advances in catalytic reactions in porous-material-based nanoreactors exhibiting the merits of both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis, including the preparation of nanoreactors, the surface modification of nanoreactors, and different strategies for the encapsulation of the molecular... 

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