Nanoparticles water soluble

Dendrimer synthesis, 26 787-788 breakthrough approaches in, 26 788 Dendritic box, 26 790 Dendritic metallic silver, 19 367—368 Dendritic nanoparticles, water-soluble, 26 796... 

Keywords. Nanoparticle, Water-soluble polymers, Hydrophilic drugs, Protein delivery, Drug delivery, Antigen delivery, Processing, Permeability control... 

However, there are several major drawbacks in using lONPs prepared through thermal decomposition for biomedical applications. The most notable limitation is that the surfactants used in these reactions are considered toxic. Further, these molecules are difficult to remove from lONP formulations after s5mthesis and pose long-term safety concerns, which have precluded their use in clinical settings. Another challenge is that the produced nanoparticles are hydrophobic in character and require additional postpreparative processing to either remove the hydrophobic surfactants, or covalently modify the surface with hydrophilic polymers to render the nanoparticles water-soluble [31]. 

Water soluble starch capped nanoparticles proved to be efficient non-cytotoxic bactericidal agents at nanomolar concentrations. The investigation also suggested that starch capped CuNPs have great potential for use in biomedical applications such as cellular imaging or photothermal therapy. 

Deng, D. W. Qin, Y. B. Yang, X. Yu, J. S. and Pan, Y. (2006). The selective synthesis of water-soluble highly luminescent CdTe nanoparticles and nanorods The influence of precursor Cd/Te molar ratio.. Cryst. Growth, 296,141-149. 

Oluwafemi, O. S., Revaprasadu, N. and Ramirez, A. J. (2008). A Novel One-Pot route for the Synthesis of Water-Soluble Cadmium Selenide Nanoparticles. /. Cryst. Growth, 310, 3230-3234. 

Nanoparticles of water-soluble compounds can be also obtained by simply solubilizing the solid compound in dry surfactant/apolar solvent solutions. Typical electronic micrographs of nanoparticles of Co(N03)2 and urea obtained using this methodology are shown in Figures 7 and 8 [41],... 

Another method is based on the evaporation of a w/o microemulsion carrying a water-soluble solubilizate inside the micellar core [221,222], The contemporaneous evaporation of the volatile components (water and organic solvent) leads to an increase in the concentration of micelles and of the solubilizate in the micellar core. Above a threshold value of the solubilizate concentration, it starts to crystallize in confined space. Nanoparticle coalescence could be hindered by surfactant adsorption and nanoparticle dispersion within the surfactant matrix. 

The efficient hydrogenation of various benzene compounds in biphasic systems has also been described by similar surfactant-protected irid-ium(O) nanoparticles [47]. The solubility of the nanoparticles was assured by 10 equivalents of water-soluble N,N-dimethyl-N-cetyl-Ar-(2-hydroxyethyl)-ammonium chloride salt. TEM observations show that the particles are monodispersed in size with an average diameter of 1.9 0.7 nm (Fig. 7). 

N. A. and Liz-Marzan, L. M. (2004) Mechanism of strong luminescence photoactivation of citrate-stabilized water-soluble nanoparticles with CdSe cores./. Phys. Chem. B, 108,15461-15469. 

Wan, J., Cai, W., Meng, X. and Liu, E. (2007) Monodisperse water-soluble magnetite nanoparticles prepared by polyol process for high-performance magnetic resonance imaging. Chemical Communications, (47), 5004—5006. 

Fig. 30 Types of nanocarriers for drug delivery, (a) Polymeric nanoparticles polymeric nanoparticles in which drugs are conjugated to or encapsulated in polymers, (b) Polymeric micelles amphiphilic block copolymers that form nanosized core-shell structures in aqueous solution. The hydrophobic core region serves as a reservoir for hydrophobic drugs, whereas hydrophilic shell region stabilizes the hydrophobic core and renders the polymer water-soluble.

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