Nanoparticles in polymers

Muhamad, E.N., Takeguchi, T., Wang, G., Anzai, Y., and Ueda, W. (2009) Electrochemical characteristics of Pd anode catalyst modified with Ti02 nanoparticles in polymer electrolyte fuel cell. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 156 (1), B32-B37. 

Pomogailo AD, Rozenberg AS, Uflyand IE (2000) Nanochastitsy metallov v polimer-akh (Metal Nanoparticles in Polymers). Khimiya, Moscow... 

Nevertheless, the incorporation of relatively low amounts of nanoparticles in polymers by several processing methods is unable to meet fire performance standards in comparison with usual FRs, such as hydrated minerals, halogen, phosphorus, or nitrogen compounds, for which the loading is generally higher, up to 65 wt % for some metallic hydroxides. 

Use of high-k nanoparticles in polymer dispersions — To solve the void and cracking issue, it is possible to disperse nanoparticles in a polymer matrix. The drawback is that this typically limits the actual dielectric constant boost to fractional amounts, since it is difficult to achieve significant mass loading of the nanoparticles within the polymer, resulting in a final film with only a small fraction of nanoparticle additive. 

A.D. Pomogailo, A.C. Rosenberg, I.E. Ufland, Metal Nanoparticles in Polymers (Khimia, Moscow, 2000) - in Russian. 

Figure 1. Formation of nanoparticles in polymer nanocavities 2.2. L-sorbose oxidation...

Such polymer-immobilized tt-allylic complexes undergoing thermal decomposition can form nanoparticles in polymer [68], during which the thermolysis can be carried out even without a solvent (for example, by heating of the formed metallopolymer films using an infrared lamp). The nanoparticle sizes depend on many factors such as the characteristics of the used dispersant polymer, its molecular mass (the optimal value is M = 100,000), and the nature... 

Radiolytic Production of Semiconductor Nanoparticles in Polymer Matrices.523... 

RADIOLYTIC PRODUCTION OF SEMICONDUCTOR NANOPARTICLES IN POLYMER MATRICES... 

Investigating the fabrication and composition of semiconductor nanoparticles in polymer matrices has attracted the interest of many scientists. Inorganic/organic polymer nanocomposites, in particular, have attracted great interest due to their synergistic and hybrid properties derived from... 

Dirix, Y., Bastiaansen, C., Caseri, W., and Smith, R, Oriented pearl-necklace arrays of metallic nanoparticles in polymers a new route toward polarization-dependent color filters, Adv. Mater, 11, 223-227 (1999a). 

A gas-solid reaction was further introduced to the electrospiiming technique to incorporate semiconductor nanostructures into polymer nanofibers with better dispersion. The production of well-dispersed PbS nanoparticles in polymer fiber matrices has been achieved by this method (Lu et al., 2005). First, metal salt and polymer were codissolved into one solvent to make a homogeneous solution. Then the above solution was electrospun to obtain polymer/metal salt composite nanofibers. The composite nanofibers were finally exposed to HaS gas at room temperature to synthesize PbS nanoparticles in situ in polymer nanofibers. 

Lu, X., zhao,Y, Wang, C., 2005. Fabrication ofPbS nanoparticles in polymer-fiber matrices by electrospinning. Adv. Mater. 17, 2485-2488. 

H.N. Liu, T.J. Webster, Mechanical properties of dispersed ceramic nanoparticles in polymer composites for ordu tedic applications, Int. J. Nanomediedne 5 (2010) 299-313. 

Assembling nanoparticles in polymer templates, where the structure of... 

Nanocomposite materials fabricated using polymer-mediated self-assembly of nanoparticles is a versatile and effective tool for the advancement of nanotechnology. The ability to control properties of the polymer and the nanoparticle core and shell at the molecular level provides access to a wide variety of materials with tunable properties. Nanoparticles in polymers would provide a powerful platform for device fabrication. 

Polypropylene (PP500P, SABIC) has melt flow rate of 3.1 (2.16 kg at 230 °C) and density of 905 kg/m3 was used as matrix resin. Nano-sized synthetic ultrafine surface treated precipitated calcium carbonate (Socal 312, Solvay, France) with mean particle diameter of 70 nm used as filler phase. PP-g-MAH compatibiliser (Priex 20097, Solvay, France) with a maleic anhydride content of 0.05 wt % and MFI of 15 (2.16 kg at 230 °C) was employed to promote the interfacial interaction between nano-CaC03 and PP, and to extend the dispersion of nanoparticles in polymer matrix. Compounds used as processing materials are listed in the table 1. 

Self-Organization of Hierarchy Dissipative-Structure Assisted Self-Assembly of Metal Nanoparticles in Polymer Matrices... 

The TEM study of polymer samples approved that the mean size of magnetic nanoparticles in polymer matrixes may be controlled by varying reaction conditions and heat treatment regime of the final polymers. 

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