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Nanofiltration membrane modules

Two different commercial nanofiltration membrane modules (DL2540C and DK2540C, diameter 6.4 cm, length 1.016 m membrane area = 2.51 m Permeare srl, Italy) were used in the experiments. The treated solution was fed to the system from a 300 dm feed tank with a flow rate of 0.01 dmVs. The photocatalyst concentration was 0.2 g/dm. ... [Pg.824]

The aqueous process solution containing sodium thiocyanate with impurities was provided by a local industry. All the membrane modules, pressure vessels, and accessories for the nanofiltration pUot plant used in this study were purchased from Permionics Membranes Pvt. Ltd. (Baroda, India) and assembled in the laboratory. Citric acid, tetra sodium salt of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), trisodium phosphate (TSP), and sodium metabisulfite for cleaning and maintenance of the membranes were procured from Lob a Chemie (Mumbai, India). [Pg.1114]

Suitable nanofiltration membranes based on the spiral-wound module technique are available from various suppliers they usually consist of a carrier film, a spacer, and the filtration membrane. After separation, the lower phase is heated preferably to ca. 25 C, adjusted to a predetermined pH by addition of acid, and pumped at ca. 30 bar through a battery of pressure tubes suitably arranged in parallel and fitted with spiral-wound modules. [Pg.72]

Nataraj, S.K., Hosamani, K.M. and Aminabhavi, T.M. 2009. Nanofiltration and reverse osmosis thin film composite membrane module for the removal of dye and salts from the simulated mixtures, 249 12-17. [Pg.474]

In addition, the ability to work in a wide range of operative conditions is another key aspect for the development of advanced membranes. Chemical stability is of particular importance when the membrane interfaces are exposed to aggressive solvents, such as in several organic solvent nanofiltration (OSN) applications [21]. Resistance to fouling is also important in water filtration because this phenomenon can threaten the continuous operability of the membrane module [22]. In high-temperature (eg, precombustion CO2 capture from syngas [23] or polymer electrolyte membranes for fuel cells [24]) and high-pressure (eg, reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membranes for... [Pg.165]

Ahmed, S., Rasul, M.G., Hasib, M.A. Watanabe, Y. (2010) Performance of nanofiltration membrane in a vibrating module (VSEP-NF) for arsenic removal. Desalination, 252 (1-3), 127-134. [Pg.270]

A father development of the plate-and-frame module is the envelope module. In the GKSS module (Figure 5.5) flat sheet membranes are designed in the envelope type that enables membranes exchange easily. These modules are applicable in nanofiltration, vapor permeation and gas permeation processes and are suited for high operation pressure up 120 bars. The flat sheet membrane module can be used with sweep gas or vacuum operation on the permeate side. The feed gas flows around the membrane envelopes and the permeate is collected over a central collecting pipe, which lead to low pressure losses. The flexible distance between the membrane envelopes makes it possible to create relative constant retentate flows."... [Pg.149]

A cross-flow nanofillration module (SEPA CFII, GE Osmonics, Miime lis, MN) was used for this process with a maximum operating pressure of 7.0 MPa. The sur ce area of the membrane is 140 cm. The holdup volume of the membrane unit is 70 mL. The fermentation broth was placed in a 5-L fermentation vessel to control the temperature, agitation, and pH. A bench-top pump (M03-S, Hydra cell, MinneapoUs, MN) was used to pump the fermentation broth through the cross-flow membrane separation unit and recycle back to the fermentor (Fig. 2). The permeate was collected on a digital balance attached to a laptop computer with a RS-COM version 2.40 system (A D, Milpitas, CA) that recorded the amount of permeate collected every 0.5 min. The fermentation brofli was kept at constant temperature (37 °C), pH (5.5), and agitation (200 rpm). Transmembrane pressures of 1.4, 2.1, and 2.8 MPa were used in the nanofiltration tests. Each condition was tested twice, and each test lasted for 2 h. Samples of the original broth (before separation), permeate, and letentate were collected for analysis. [Pg.374]

Nanofiltration will continue to be a rapidly growing segment of the membrane industry. To sustain this growth, a better understanding of transport is needed, in particular the differences between aqueous and organic systems. Additionally, tremendous opportunities exist in membrane and module development for separations that fall in the gap between reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration. [Pg.321]

Hemodialysis/hemofiltration alone had sales of over US 2200 million in 1998. Reverse osmosis (RO), ultrafiltration (UF) and microfiltration (MF) together accounted for 1.8 billion dollars in sales in 1998. At that time about US 400 million worth of membranes and modules were sold each year worldwide for use in reverse osmosis. About 50% of the RO market was controlled by Dow/FihnTec and Hydranautics/Nitto. They were followed by DuPont and Osmonics. Membranes are apphed during sea-water desahnation, municipal/ brackish water treatment and in the industrial sectors. The market for RO and nanofiltration is growing at a rate higher than 10%/year. The market for desali-... [Pg.5]


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