Nanofillers nanorods

Moreover, cellulose nanofillers such as nanorod, rod-like cellulose microcrystals, nanowires, and long and straight crystals were investigated. 

In the recentiy years some researches demonstrated the important effect of zinc oxide nanorods (ZnO-NR) incorporating them in a thermoplastic sago starch-based material (Nafchi et al. 2012, 2013 Rahman et al. 2013). In particular, (Nafchi et al. 2012, 2013) investigated physicochemical properties of nanocomposites formed by sago starch and different concentration of ZnO-NR (1-5 wt%). The incorporation of low concentration of this nanofiller significantly increased the viscosity of the solution and decreased water vapor permeability of the composites to less than one... 

Elastomer nanocomposites with one-dimensional nanofillers have been presented in this chapter. The nature of nanofiller has been altered from nanotube to nanorod, and nanofiber with their suitable chemical modifications required for the improvement of various properties. The dispersion and morphology have been explored for... 

This chapter focuses on the non-linear viscoelastic behavior of rubber composites and nanocomposites. Here, we have discussed about the effect of individual fillers (mineral fillers, nanotubes, carbon nanofillers, fibrous nanofiUers, biofillers, special structured fillers viz. nanorods, nanowires, nanoflowers etc.) on the linear/ nonlinear viscoelastic behavior of rubber composites. Moreover, as this chapter is more concerned on the non-linear viscoelastic behavior, we have also discussed the effect of hybrid fillers on the nonUnear viscoelastic behavior of rubber composites in more detail. 

The emerging of nanotechnology at the end of twentieth century, many new nanomaterials have been developed such as nanoparticles, nanorods, nanowires, nanotubes, and nanoplates. By using nanomaterial as reinforcing filler and incorporating it into the polymer matrix, one can obtain polymer nanocomposite. There are many review articles and textbooks devoted to this subject (Twardowski 2007 Mittal 2010, 2013). However, the researches and discussions on nanocomposites made from LCER and nanofiller are relatively few. 

There is a general agreement that nanocomposites imply nanoscale fillers with sizes less than 100 nm in at least one dimension. The fillers can be classified into three groups depending on their shape. One-dimensional nanofillers are nanorods, fibers, or tubes with varying aspect ratios. Rodlike nanopartides can introduce anisotropic properties to composite materials, for example, silver or gold nanorods are used for preparation of dichroic nanocomposites as described later (Figure 1). 

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