Nanocrystalline dye

Figure 11 Illustration of the interfacial CT processes in a nanocrystalline dye-sensitized solar cell. S / S+/S represent the sensitizer in the ground, oxidized and excited state, respectively. Visible light absorption by the sensitizer (1) leads to an excited state, followed by electron injection (2) onto the conduction band of Ti02. The oxidized sensitizer (3) is reduced by the I-/I3 redox couple (4) The injected electrons into the conduction band may react either with the oxidized redox couple (5) or with an oxidized dye molecule (6).

Figure 15.4 Current-voltage characteristics of quasi-transparent, nanocrystalline, dye-sensitized soiar ceiis operating with moiten saits as the electrolyte and redox mediator (90% 1-ethyt-3-methytimidazoiioumtriflate, 10% 1-hexyt-3-methylimidazoliumidodide, 5 mM y measured under 0.020 AMI. The irradiation was aged under AMI as a function of illumination time [8]. (Reprinted by permission of the Publisher, The Electrochemicai Society)...

Type 3 Nanocrystalline Dye Cell Photoelectrochemical Logic Gates / 461... 

Apart from recapture of the injected electrons by the oxidized dye, there is an additional loss channel in the nanocrystalline dye-sensitized cell which involves reduction of triiodide ions in the electrolyte present within the mesoporous network ... 

Liska P., Thampi K. R., Gratzel M., Bremaud D., Rudmann D. and Upadhyaya H. M. (2006), Nanocrystalline dye-sensitized solar cell/copper indium gallium selenide thin-fdm tandem showing greater than 15% conversion efficiency , Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 203103-203106. 

Wang P., Klein C., Humphry-Baker R., Zakeeruddin S. M. and Gratzel M. (2005b), Stable 8% efficient nanocrystalline dye-sensitized solar cell based on an electrolyte of low volatility , Appl. Phys. Lett. 86, 1235081-1235083. 

Tributsch, H. (2001), Function and analytical formula for nanocrystalline dye-sensitization solar cells, Appl. Phys. A 73, 305-316... 

M. Gratzel, Conversion of sunlight to electric power hy nanocrystalline dye-sensitized solar cells . Journal of Photochemistry and Photohiology A Chemistry, 164, 3-14, (2004). 

P. M. Sommefing, H. C. Rieffe, J. M. Kroon et al.. Spectral response and response time of nanocrystalline dye-sensitized Ti02 solar cells, 14th European Photovoltaic Solar En-ergy Conference, Barcelona, H.S. Stephens and Associates, 1997. 

Nazeeruddin MdK, Humphry-Baker R, Officer DL, Campbell WM, Burrell AK, Gratzel M (2004) Application of metalloporphyrins in nanocrystalline dye-sensitized solar cells for conversion of sunlight into electricity. Langmuir 20 6514-6517... 

Zaban A, Gieenshtein M, Bisquert J (2003) Determination of the electron lifetime in nanocrystalline dye solar cells by open-circuit voltage decay measurements. Chem Phys Chem 4(8) 859-864... 

Cameron PJ, Peter LM (2005) How does back-reaction at the conducting glass substrate influoice the dynamic photovoltage response of nanocrystalline dye-sensitized solar cells J Phys Chem B 109 7392... 

The experimental strategy of this project consisted in fabrication of standard nanocrystalline dye sensitized solar cells like those now produced in many laboratories [19, 37, 38]. The cells were operated with 6 different sensitizers, which were selected as the most efficient from a larger number of dyes previously used. Both, cells made of nanocrystalline ZnO and TiO were compared, and the time-de-pendent performance of dye sensitized cells investigated by observing their photo-electrochemical performance and studying space resolved photocurrent images in order to distinguish the performance of illuminated and nonilluminated areas. 

While screening a larger number of dyes (e.g., Ni-phtalocyanine, fluoresceine, rhodamine B, methylene hlue, bromothymol blue, zinkone) for their function in standardized nanocrystalline dye sensitized cells, the work concentrated on the 6 best performing complexes. They were ... 

H. Tributsch, Function and analytical formula for nanocrystalline dye-sensiti-zation solar cells, Applied Physics A, vol. 73, no. 3, 305 pages, 2001. 

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