Nanocomposite with oriented

Figure 9.12. Schematic representation of (a) a standard twisted-nematic liquid crystal display and (b) a related display equipped with a drawn nanocomposite. 1, incoming light (unpolarized) 2, polarizer 3, glass plate coated with an electrode layer and an orientation layer for the liquid-crystalline molecules 4, liquid-crystalline molecules forming a 90° helical twist in absence of a voltage or a linear array parallel to an electric field in presence of an electric field 5, nanocomposite with oriented arrays of metal particles. See color insert.

Table 3. Mechanical Properties of Track-Etched Membranes and Nanocomposites with Oriented Polyelectrolyte Nanodomains...

Polymer bonded nanocomposites with orientated nanoparticles show high magnetostrictive strain under relatively low magnetic field, and, additionally, a... 

Fig. 3. Low and high magnification TEM images of novel multilayered polyamide-clay nanocomposites with oriented platelets in extmded 150 micron thick film. The platelets are viewed from their edges and have frontal surfaces parallel to the film surface [1,8,9].

Ruland, W. Smarsly, B. M. 2007. 2D SAXS of self-assembled nanocomposite films with oriented arrays of spheres Determination of lattice type, preferred orientation, deformation and imperfection. J. Appl. Cryst. 40 409 417. 

Figure 9.13. A twisted-nematic iiquid crystal display (LCD) equipped with a poly(ethylene)-silver nanocomposite that had been annealed at 180°C for 15 hr and subsequently drawn as described in the text. The drawing axis of the nanocomposite is oriented paraiiei to the poiarizer in the left image and perpendicular in the right image. See coior insert.

Zhao et al. [12] prepared PP/MWCNT nanocomposites with a highly oriented structure using DPIM. Comparison was made to similar nanocomposites prepared using a static... 

This model assumed that the orientation of platelet clay layers in nanocomposite polymer is random S=Q, then the tortuosity decrease with orientation and diffusion is facilitated as opposed to parallel orientation, S=l... 

Around 1900, widely forgotten reports indicated the preparation of polymer nanocomposites with uniaxially oriented inorganic particles, and their remarkable optical properties (14,15). Dichroic plants and animal fibrils (eg, linen, cotton, spruce, or chitin, amongst others) were prepared by impregnation with solutions of silver nitrate, silver acetate, or gold chloride, followed by reduction of the corresponding metal ions under the action of light (16). 

In 1910, Kolbe was the first to prove that dichroic nanocomposite samples based on gold contained the metal indeed in its zero-valence state. Such affirmation was confirmed a few years later by X-ray scattering. In particular, it was shown that zero-valence silver and gold were present in the respective nanocomposites made with oriented ramie fibers, and the ring-like interference patterns of the metal crystallites showed that the individual primary crystallites were not oriented (32). Based on Scherrer s equation, which was developed just in this period, the average particle diameter of silver and gold crystallites was determined in fibers of ramie, hemp, bamboo, silk, wool, viscose, and cellulose acetate to be between 5 and 14 nm (33). 

Whereas tensile toughness (calculation of the area below the stress-strain curve) is sometimes regarded in literature, fracture toughness is not much reported. An example for PMMA-MWCNT composites indicate that tensile toughness decreases after nanotube addition, but oriented nanocomposites with 1 wt% loading showed 170% improvement over oriented PMMA without CNTs [58]. 

He L X and Tjong S C (2010) Effect of temperature on electrical conduction behavior of polyvinyl-idene fluoride nanocomposites with carbon nanotubes and nanofibers, Curr Nanosci 6 520-524. Bhattacharyya A R, Sreekumar T V, Liu T, Kumar S, Ericson L M, Hauge H and Smalley R E (2003) Crystallization and orientation in polypropylene/single wall carbon nanotube composite. Polymer 44 2373-2377. 

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