Nano patterned film

When a nano assembly is involved with a directional interaction, the most likely nano element will be a film or surface-based nanoscale operation. Examples include most of the nano-structured films regardless of their detailed morphology. Nano porous film, nano layered film, and nano patterned film are among them. It also includes most of the nanoscale products that are obtained as a result of directional growth (from the spherical-shape) such as nano rods, nano needles, and nanotubes. A good deal of... 

S. Jegadesan, S. Sindhu, R.C. Advincula, and S. Vahyaveettil, Direct electrochemical nano-patterning of polycarbazole monomer and precursor polymer films Ambient formation of thermally stable conducting nanopattems, Langmuir, 22, 780-786 (2006). 

M. Cavallini, M. Facchini, C. Albonetti, and F. Biscarini, Single molecule magnets from thin films to nano-patterns, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 10, 784-793 [2008]. 

The use of block copolymers to form a variety of different nanosized periodic patterns continues to be an active area of research. Whether in bulk, thin film, or solution micelle states, block copolymers present seemingly unlimited opportunities for fabricating and patterning nanostructures. The wealth of microstructures and the tunability of structural dimensions make them a favorable choice for scientists in a variety of research fields. As reviewed here, they can function as nano devices themselves, or act as templates or scaffolds for the fabrication of functional nanopatterns composed of almost all types of materials. However, there are still two obvious areas which require more work control of the long-range 3D nanostructure via more user-friendly processes and the identification of new materials with different functional properties. 

FIGURE 1.15. Electrohydrodynamic pattern replication, (a) double-hexagonal pattern, (b) the word nano , (c) 140 nm wide and 140 nm high lines. In (b) the line width was s300 nm. The larger columns stem from a secondary (much slower) instability of the homogeneous (not stmctured) film. Adapted from [30] and [38]. 

Fig. 12 AFM images of the A micro- and B and C nano-scale patterns obtained from the thin films of hb-776 exposed to 1 J/cm2 of UV irradiation...

This second example demonstrates that the SU-8-based micro/ nanostructured surfaces allow for rapid binding and manipulation of hydropho-bically modified DNA at SU-8 surfaces and its controlled release by lipid film spreading. Using a combination of nano- and micro-meter-sized SU-8 patterns, DNA concentration gradients in solution can be created d3mamically. Moreover, other molecules with different hydrophobicites can likely be used such that the hydrophobicity of the molecules can be exploited as a sorting tool to modify surface properties of SU-8. It is, furthermore, possible to heat... 

Hua F, Shi J, Lvov Y et al (2002) Patterning of layer-by-layer self-assembled multiple types of nanoparticle thin films by lithographic technique. Nano Lett 2(11) 1219-1222... 

Figure 10.6 Procedure for polymer nanowire fabrication. An aqueous PEDOTtPSS solution was spin-coated on a substrate patterned with a 1.3 ym period grating, then coated with a thin Si02 layer and a PDMS homopolymer brush. A PS-PDMS block-copolymer thin film was then spin-coated and solvent-annealed. The self-assembled block-copolymer patterns were transferred into the underlying PEDOT-.PSS film through a series of reactive ion etching steps employing CF4 and O2 plasmas. (Reprinted with permission from Nano Letters, Nanowire Conductive Polymer Gas Sensor Patterned Using Self-Assembled Block Copolymer Lithography by Y. S. Jung et al., 8, 11. Copyright (2008) American Chemical Society)...

Fig. 5.3 Electrochromic cell assembly, a Schematic illustration of the layered device design based on a DG-structured electrode, b Functional electrochromic nano-device with the design pattern in the chromogenic double-gyroid film showing the crest of the University of Cambridge. The thickness of the vanadia deposit was measured to be around 1.1 p.m...

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