NADP-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate

Enzyme activities of nonreversible NADP-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase and NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase as marker for the cytosol, hydroxypyruvate reductase for peroxisomes and cytochrom c reductase for mitochondria were 0.3 to 2% compared to those of the total leaf extract. 

Abbreviations DAHP, deoxy-D-arablnoheptulosonate-7-phoshate DHAP, dihydroxyacetone phosphate E ase, 2-phosphoglycerate hydrolyase, enolase rev. NADP GAPDH, reversible NADP glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase ... 

Aside from PEPCase, a number of other CAM-related genes have been partially characterised (Table 1). These include cDNA clones for pyruvate, orthophosphate dikinase (PPDK), a specific NADP malate dehydrogenase (MDH), glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase (GaPDH) and NADP-dependent malic enzyme (MOD). Previous studies indicated that the enzymatic activities of these gene products increased upon salt stress in the ice plant (Holtum Winter, 1982). As in the case... 

Figure 5.4 Outline of the newly discovered glyceraldehyde phosphate/pyruvate pathway for the formation of C5 isoprenoid units. None of the intermediates after 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate is known. P indicates a phosphate moiety. TPP, thiamine pyrophosphate NADP, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate.

Ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase [Carboxy-dismutase] (4.1.1.39) is present. Glyceraldehyde-phosphate dehydrogenase (NADP )... 

Thus, in the course of reactions catalyzed by the intrinsic enzymes of the pentose phosphate cycle, two fructose 6-phosphate molecules, one glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate molecule, and three carbon dioxide molecules are produced from three glucose 6-phosphate molecules. In addition, six NADP -H2 molecules are formed. The overall scheme for the pentose phosphate cycle is ... 

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NADP+) (nonphosphorylating) [EC 1.2.1.9], also referred to as triose-phosphate dehydrogenase, catalyzes the reaction of D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate with NADP+ and water to produce 3-phospho-D-glycerate and NADPH. 

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase Sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase NADP-malate dehydrogenase Phosphoribulokinase Thylakoid ATP-synthase... 

The reductive pentose cycle, or Calvin cycle. The number of arrows drawn at each step in the diagram indicates the number of molecules proceeding through that step for every three molecules of C02 that enter the cycle. The entry of three molecules of C02 results in the formation of one molecule of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (box on right), and requires the oxidation of six molecules of NADPH to NADP+ and the breakdown of nine molecules of ATP to ADP. 

Fig. 3. Carbon flow during Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM). The simplifled pathway shown is that occurring in malic enzyme type plants. The location of the decarboxylation reaction is believed to be the mitochondria (NAD-malic enzyme type) or the cytosol [16] or chloroplast (NADP-malic enzyme type) [15]. Abbreviations G6P, glucose 6-phosphate F6P, fructose 6-phosphate F16P, fructose 1,6-bisphosphate GAP, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate PEP, phosphoeno/pyruvate PYR, pyruvate.

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