Na-doped poly

The electron diffraction data have been reevaluated in support of a new proposal in a more recent paper by Murthy et al. [188]. A hexagonal structure, meanwhile presented for Li- and Na-doped polyacetylene as well as for Na-doped poly(pora-plienylene vinylene), is found to describe the diffraction patterns of PPP-Na rather well, as illustrated in Figure 1,24, The ions reside in channels within columns of three-fold symmetry (Figure 1,25). A compatible space group is P62m with a = 8.6 A, but the symmetry may be lower, for instance due to non-coplanarity of the rings. This may remain hidden in disorder. The authors pay considerable attention to the implications of the hexagonal structure... 

Figure 4-13. Raman spectra of Na-doped poly( -p-plienylene) taken with various wavelengths of excitation lasers, (a) 488.0 (b) 514,5 (c) 632,8 (d) 720, (e) 1064 iim [70],...

Table 4-4. Observed Raman frequencies (in cm" Na-doped poly(p-phenylene). 

M. Fahlman, D. Beljonne, M. Logdlund, R. H. Friend, A. B. Holmes, J. L. Bredas, and W. R. Salaneck, Experimental and theoretical studies of the electronic structure of Na-doped poly(p-phenyl-enevinylene). Chem. Phys. Lett. 214 321 (1993). 

Nearly Insulating vs. Conducting Polymers on Metallic Substrates Energy Level Alignment as a Function of Na-Doping at Poly(9,9-Dioctylfluorene)/Metal Interfaces Consequences for Charge Injection Barriers Poly(3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene)-... 

Energy Level Alignment as a Function of Na-Doping at Poly(9,9-Dioctylfluorene)/Metal Interfaces... 

Various other polymer films can form solid-state cells. Al/poly(p-phenylenesulfide) (27, PPS)/Cu cell exhibited Vo5 = 0.5VandJje = 1.8 nAcm under monochromatic light of 300 nm with a conversion efficiency of 0.21 % Electrochemically doped poly(V-vinylcarbazole) showed a photovoltaic effect when sandwiched between A1 and gold (Au) electrodes Voc = 101 V, Jj, = 182 nA cm , and FF = 0.237 were reported. The power conversion efficiency was 2.8 x 10" % under 1.08 mW cm monochromatic light. Complexes of poly(ethylene oxide) with sodium polyiodide formed a photovoltaic cell when sandwiched between ITO and Pt... 

Chang K.-C., Lai M.-C., Peng C.-W, Chen Y.-T., Yeh J.-M. et al. (2006), Comparative studies on the corrosion protection effect of DBSA-doped poly aniline prepared from in situ emulsion polymerization in the presence of hy drophihe Na -MMT and organophUic organo-MMT clay platelets , Eleetroehim. Aeta, 51,5645-53. 

The impetus to find new conductive polymers has led to many reports of conjugated polymers, which remain to be fully characterized. Examples (with maximum conductivities) are polyquinoline (Na doped, 11 Scm ), poly(metal benzodithiolene) (Fe polymer undoped, 0.2 Scm" ), poly-(3,4-diisopropylidenecyclobutene) (iodine doped, 10" Scm ) and poly ( , )-[6.2]paracyclo-phane-1,5-diene (iodine doped, 10" Scm ). ... 

A large number of basic catalysts such as the metal oxides like PbO, ZnO, CaO, NaOMe and NaOEt, and hydroxides like LiOH, Ca(OH)2, and KOH are used in the preparation of poly(ester amide) resins. Alkaline metal (Li, Na, K)-doped calcium oxide catalysts are effective in transesterification of this resin. A few enzymes can also be used as the catalysts for the preparation of poly(ester amide) resins. 

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