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Mutagenicity of azo dyes

Chung KT, Cemiglia CE (1992) Mutagenicity of azo dyes structure-activity relationships. Mut Res 277 201-220... [Pg.29]

Reid TM, Morton KC,Wang CY, et al. 1984b. Mutagenicity of azo dyes following metaboHsm by different reductive/oxidative systems. Environ Mutagen 6(5) 705-717. [Pg.163]

Rafii, R Hall, J. D. Cemiglia, C. E. Mutagenicity of azo dyes used in foods, drugs and cosmetics before and after reduction by Clostridium species from the human intestinal tract. Food Chem. Toxicol. 1997, 35, 897-901. [Pg.285]

For the mutagenicity testing of azo dyes the Prival test, a modification of the Ames test, was found to be superior. The reductive enzymatic cleavage of the azo bond occuring in mammals is simulated by this test. [Pg.628]

Kaur, A. Sandhu, R. S. Grover, 1. S. Screening of azo dyes for mutagenicity with AmesISalmonella assay. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 1993, 22, 188-190. [Pg.109]

De France, B. F. Carter, M. H. Josephy, R D. Comparative metabolism and mutagenicity of azo and hydrazone dyes in the Ames test. Food Chem. Toxicol. 1986, 24, 165-169. [Pg.109]

Sulfonated azo dyes are widely used in different industries [16]. Some structure of sulfonated and unsulfonated azo dyes is shown in Fig. 1. These water-soluble azo dyes will enter the environment generally with wastewater discharge. Also, these sulfonated and unsulfonated azo dyes have a negative aesthetic effect on the wastewater, and some of these compounds and biodegraded products are also toxic, carcinogenic, and mutagenic [17]. There exists clear evidence that sulfonated azo dyes show decreased or no mutagenic effect compared to unsulfonated azo dyes... [Pg.75]

Rosenkranz HS, Klopman G (1990) Structural basis of the mutagenicity of 1-amino-2-naphthol-based azo dyes. Mutagenesis 5(2) 137-146... [Pg.82]

The removal of dyes from industry effluents is desirable not only for aesthetic reasons but also because azo dyes and their breakdown products are toxic to aquatic life and mutagenic to humans [8,9]. Without adequate treatment these azo dyes are stable and can remain in the environment for an extended period of time. Consequently, azo dyes have to be removed from wastewaters before discharge. [Pg.135]

Yahagi, T., Degawa, M., Seino, Y., Matsushima, T. and Okada, M. (1975). Mutagenicity of carcinogen azo dyes and their derivatives. Cancer Lett. 1 91-96. [Pg.236]

Gamer, R.C. Nutman, C. A. (1977) Testing of some azo dyes and their reduction products for mutagenicity using Salmonella typhimurium TA1538. Mutat. Res., 44, 9-19... [Pg.308]

An approach to the design of non-mutagenic azo dyes 2. Potential replacements for the benzidine moiety of some mutagenic azo dyestuffs. Dyes Pigments, 8, 431-447. [Pg.106]

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