Muscarinic cholinergic syndrome

Muscarinic cholinergic syndrome. Muscarinic receptors are located at effector organs of the parasympathetic system. Stimulation causes bradycardia, miosis, sweating, hyperperistalsis, bronchorrhea, wheezing, excessive salivation, and urinary incontinence. (Example bethanechol.)... 

Central anticholinergic syndrome due to the potent muscarinic-cholinergic effects of many psychotropics... 

Cyproheptadine, a serotonin and histamine receptor- and muscarinic cholinergic receptorblocking agent, has been used in the treatment of postgastrectomy dumping syndrome and the intestinal hypermotility seen with carcinoid. 

Wermuth, C. G., Aminopyridazines-an alternative route to potent muscarinic agonists with no cholinergic syndrome. Farmaco 1993, 48, 253-274. 

Wermuth CG, Bourguignon J-J, Hoffmann R, Boigegrain R, Brodin R, Kan J-P, Soubrie P. SR 46559A and related aminopyridazines are potent muscarinic agonists with no cholinergic syndrome. Biorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 1992, 2, 833-836. 

Indications Sicca syndrome in patients with Sjogren s syndrome Category Muscarinic cholinergic agonist Half-life 3—4 hours... 

Wermuffi, C.G., Bourguignon, J.-J., Hoffmann, R., Boigegrain, R., Brodin, R., et al. (1992) SR 46559 and related aminopyridazines are potent muscarinic agonist with no cholinergic syndrome. Biorg Med. Chem Lett. 2 833-836. 

Wermuth, C.G. (1993) Aminopyridazines — An alternative route to potent muscarinic agonist with no cholinergic syndrome. U Farmaco 48 253-274. 

Mixed cholinergic syndrome. Because both nicotinic and muscarinic receptors are stimulated, mixed effects may be seen. The pupils are usually miotic (of pinpoint size). The skin is sweaty, and peristaltic activity is increased. Fasciculations are a manifestation of nicotinic stimulation and may progress to muscle weakness or paralysis. (Examples organophos-phate and carbamate insecticides and physostigmine.)... 

G., Worms, P., Soubrie, P., and Le Fur, G. (1993) SR-46559A - a novel and potent muscarinic compound with no cholinergic syndrome. 

The oral cholinergic agonists pilocarpine and cevimeline are used for patients with combined dry eye and dry mouth (e.g., Sjogren s syndrome) or severe dry eye. By binding to muscarinic receptors, the cholinergic agonists may increase tear production. Excessive sweating is a common side effect with pilocarpine and may limit its use (Table 60-10). 

Muscarinic receptor stimulation increases gastrointestinal motility and secretory activity (see p. 29). Cholinergic antagonists, such as hyoscyamine, are used as adjuncts in the management of peptic ulcer disease and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, particularly in patients... 

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