Multiphase polymers carbon black filled

Typical polymer materials studied in optical thin section include extrudates or molded parts, such as semicrystalline polyoxymethylene multiphase polymers, such as rubber toughened nylon filled polymers, such as carbon black filled nylon fibers, such as polyester and rayon and films which are too thick to transmit light. Two examples are of nylon imaged in polarized... 

Fig. 5.73 Carbon black particles (arrows) are shown in a sectioned carbon black filled polymer (A) to be aggregates of smaller particles less than 0.1 iim in diameter. Interestingly, a black, multiphase pol)nner, shown in a TEM micrograph of an ultrathin section (B), has carbon black particles within the dispersed phase domains.

Polymers containing rigid fillers are termed composites. Composites generally contain short or continuous fibers or nonfibrous particles, usually minerals. Additives such as carbon black are also included in this discussion. Thermoplastic homopolymers, multiphase polymers and thermosets may be used as the matrix for composite materials. Rigid fillers are added to composites either to fill the polymer and perhaps... 

This micrograph is a good control for study of a multiphase polymer containing carbon black. A TEM micrograph of a black, polyurethane filled polyacetal is shown in Fig. 5.64B. Interestingly, the carbon black particles have enhanced the image contrast as they are located within the dispersed polyurethane, and thus the dispersed phase can be observed without staining. 

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