Multidimensional Chromatography Forensic and Toxicological Applications

Seton Hall University, South Orange, NJ, USA 15,1 INTRODUCTION 

In order to reduce or eliminate off-line sample preparation, multidimensional chromatographic techniques have been employed in these difficult analyses. LC-GC has been employed in numerous applications that involve the analysis of poisonous compounds or metabolites from biological matrices such as fats and tissues, while GC-GC has been employed for complex samples, such as arson propellants and for samples in which special selectivity, such as chiral recognition, is required. Other techniques include on-line sample preparation methods, such as supercritical fluid extraction (SFE)-GC and LC-GC-GC. In many of these applications, the chromatographic method is coupled to mass spectrometry or another spectrometiic detector for final confirmation of the analyte identity, as required by many courts of law. 

In this present chapter, the applications of multidimensional chromatography to forensic and toxicological analysis are described in detail, being organized by technique. While multidimensional chromatography has not been as widely applied in 

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